铁负载生物炭复合凹凸棒石吸附重金属的研究  

Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Fe-coated Biochar Combined Attapulgite

作　　者：任珺 何刚 任汉儒 高敏 李云梦 母旭日 童彩丽 朱睿 陶玲[1,2,3,4] REN Jun;HE Gang;REN Hanru;GAO Min;LI Yunmeng;MU Xuri;TONG Caili;ZHU Rui;TAO Ling(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization in Cold and Arid Regions,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Hanxing Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Chemisitry and Chemical Engineering,Ningxia Normal University,Guyuan 756099,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]寒旱地区水资源综合利用教育部工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州交通大学,甘肃省黄河水环境重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [4]甘肃瀚兴环保科技有限公司,甘肃兰州730070 [5]宁夏师范大学化学化工学院,宁夏固原756099

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2025年第4期54-64,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：甘肃省教育厅高校科研创新平台重大培育项目(2024CXPT-14);甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-31);甘肃省科技专员专项(23CXGA0082);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2024AAC03319)。

摘　　要：文章以市政污泥和FeCl_(3)·6H_(2)O为原料制备出铁负载生物炭,与凹凸棒石混合,共热解制得铁负载污泥生物炭复合凹凸棒石吸附材料并用于去除水中重金属Cu、Cd、Cr、Zn和Ni。实验结果表明:通过复合铁负载生物炭材料,凹凸棒石结构改变,表面官能团增多,吸附效果明显提高,5种重金属去除率可达90%;吸附过程均更符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附模型,Cu、Cd、Cr、Zn和Ni的平衡吸附量分别为4.16、1.26、3.34、1.39和1.35 mg/g,多分子层化学吸附是主要的吸附机制;复合吸附剂表面硅醇基(-OH)、含氧官能团(C-O、C-O-C等)、活性铁(Fe(Ⅱ)、FeOOH)以及铁氧化物可能是主要吸附位点。开发的复合吸附剂对重金属的去除能力明显优于单一生物炭和凹凸棒石吸附剂。研究结果为水体重金属污染的治理以及固废资源的再利用提供了新思路。Iron-loaded biochar made from municipal sludge and FeCl_(3)·6H_(2)O was mixed with attapulgite and co-pyrolyzed to produce iron loaded sludge biochar composite attapulgite adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals Cu,Cd,Cr,Zn and Ni from water.The experimental results showed that by compounding iron-coated biochar material,the structure of attapulgite was changed,the surface functional groups increased,and the adsorption effect was significantly improved,and the removal rate of five heavy metals could reach about 90%.The adsorption processes were all more consistent with the quasi-secondary kinetic model and the Freundlich isothermal adsorption model,and the equilibrium adsorption amounts of Cu,Cd,Cr,Zn,and Ni were 4.16,1.26,3.34,1.39,and 1.35 mg/g,respectively,with the multimolecular-layer chemisorption as the main adsorption mechanism.Silanol groups(-OH),oxygen-containing functional groups(C-O,C-O-C,etc)and activated iron(Fe(Ⅱ),FeOOH)as well as iron oxides on the surface of the composite adsorbent might be the main adsorption sites.The developed composite adsorbent has significantly better removal capacity of heavy metals than single biochar and attapulgite adsorbent and can be magnetically recovered.The results of the study provide new ideas for the treatment of heavy metal pollution in water bodies and the reuse of solid waste resources.

关 键 词：污泥 生物炭 凹凸棒石 铁负载 吸附 重金属 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]