污水处理厂药物污染特征及生态风险评估  

Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Drug Contamination in Wastewater Treatment Plants

作　　者：凌思源 LING Siyuan(Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,生态环境部新污染物环境健康影响评价重点实验室,上海200233

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2025年第4期95-103,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：上海市生态环境局科研项目(沪环科[2024]第4号);上海市第六轮公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025)环境与职业卫生学重点学科建设项目(GWVI-11.1-41);上海市2022年度“科技创新行动计划”科学仪器领域项目(22142202000)。

摘　　要：针对后疫情时代药物使用上升所引起的生态环境风险,该研究建立了污水系统中32种药物的协同监测方法,明确了2023年呼吸道病毒流行对污水系统进水、排水以及下游地表水中抗病毒等药物含量的影响。研究结果表明,呼吸道病毒流行期间由于药物使用量增大,污水处理厂进水中药物浓度增加。大部分药物能经污水处理设施有效去除,而抗病毒药物无法被有效去除,导致污水处理厂成为地表水中抗病毒药物的重要来源。呼吸道病毒流行间接导致污水处理厂下游地表水中抗病毒药物水生生态风险升高。在未来应持续开展典型药物的长期协同监测研究,掌握抗病毒药物的排放特征与环境负荷,深入开展典型药物生态毒理和生态风险评估研究,并同步开发新污染物去除工艺提升污水厂新污染物治理水平。In the post-epidemic era,the ecological system is facing more risk caused by the rising pharmaceutical use.This study has established a detection method for 32 drugs in the influent,effluent and surface water.The effect of respiratory virus epidemic in 2023 on the antiviral drug concentration in influent and effluent of wastewater sewage plants(WWTPs)and downstream surface water has been studied.The results indicated that during the outbreak of respiratory viruses,the concentration of pharmaceutical in the influent increased due to the increase of pharmaceutical usage.Most drugs can be effectively removed during wastewater treatment,while antiviral drugs cannot be effectively removed,and hence WWTPs have become an important source to the surface water.Subsequently,respiratory virus epidemic indirectly increased the aquatic ecological risk of antiviral drugs in WWTPs downstream.In the future,typical drugs should be into continuously surveillance.The emission characteristics and environmental load of antiviral drugs should be studied.More research on ecotoxicological study and ecological risk assessment of selected drugs is also required.Concurrently,the development of treatment techniques is necessary to enhance the removal efficiency of emerging pollutants.

关 键 词：污水系统 呼吸道病毒流行 新污染物 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]