变叶顶间隙对双级轴流风机性能影响的数值研究  

Numerical Simulation on Influence of Variable Tip Clearance on the Performance of Two-stage Axial Fan

作　　者：蒋洪涛 李斌 朱程康 张钧[3] Hong-tao Jiang;Bin Li;Cheng-kang Zhu;Jun Zhang(Shaoxing Zhixin Electromechanical Technology Co.,Ltd.;CSSC 704th Research Institution;College of Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University)

机构地区：[1]绍兴智新机电科技有限公司 [2]中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇四研究所 [3]浙江大学能源工程学院

出　　处：《风机技术》2025年第2期7-12,共6页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”研发攻关计划(2024C03283(SD2))。

摘　　要：受压力面和吸力面压差的影响,轴流风机叶顶间隙处会产生叶顶泄漏,造成能量损失。因此,为研究其间隙处流动特性,本文以一台双级单导叶轴流风机为研究对象,基于原等距叶顶间隙模型提出了四种变叶顶间隙方案,采用CFD数值模拟结合试验验证的方法对风机性能和内部流动进行计算仿真,分析其叶顶间隙处流体速度和压力特性及叶片载荷分布。结果表明:小流量工况下叶顶间隙对轴流风机性能影响较小,在额定工况下相较于原模型,模型1的全压和效率分别提升了5.26%和2.6%,轴流风机叶轮前缘处的整体速度值较大,同时其进口至叶轮前缘处存在较大的高压区,较小的前缘间隙更有利于轴流风机高压区的流动控制以及叶片载荷的均匀分布。Affected by the pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface,leakage flow will occur in the tip clearance of axial fan,resulting in energy loss.Therefore,in order to study the flow characteristics at tip clearance,this paper takes a two-stage and single-vane axial fan as the research object,and proposes four schemes of variable tip clearance based on the original isometric tip clearance model.CFD numerical simulation combined with test verification is used to calculate the performance and internal flow of the fan,and the velocity and pressure characteristics at tip clearance as well as blade load distribution are analyzed.The results show that under low flow conditions,tip clearance has little influence on the performance of axial fan.Compared with the original model under rated conditions,the total pressure and efficiency of model 1 are increased by 5.26%and 2.6%,respectively.The overall velocity of axial fan at the leading edge of impeller is larger,and there is a large highpressure area between the inlet and the leading edge of impeller.Smaller tip clearance of the leading edge is more conducive to the flow control in high-pressure area and the blade load uniform distribution of axial fan.

关 键 词：双级轴流风机 数值模拟 叶顶间隙 气动性能 

分 类 号：TH432.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]