多出口离心风机的性能研究与优化设计  

Performance Research and Optimization Design for Multioutlet Centrifugal Fans

作　　者：魏宇飞 叶学民[1] 肖为 李春曦[1] Yu-fei Wei;Xue-min Ye;Wei Xiao;Chun-xi Li(Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology,North China Electric Power University)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学河北省低碳高效发电技术重点实验室

出　　处：《风机技术》2025年第2期31-38,共8页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(A2015502058)。

摘　　要：受分布式送风应用需求,工程上常常用到多出口离心风机。为探索多出口离心风机的性能特点,采用数值模拟方法,对比了单出口、双出口和三出口多翼离心风机的性能曲线变化,探讨了其内流特征和能量损失机理;并对双出口风机的出口管道型线进行了优化,确定了优化方案。结果表明:相较于单出口风机,在大部分流量范围内,多出口离心风机的全压和效率均有不同程度的降低,而在最大流量工况附近略有提高。随出口数量的增加,蜗壳内动压向静压的转化效率显著下降,其内在原因是多出口风机蜗壳内扩压流道较短和出口管道中较大逆压梯度向蜗壳内延伸所致。通过将蜗壳出口等截面直管道改成等宽不对称直线扩散器(S1模型)和圆弧扩散器(S2模型),降低了出口管道的逆压梯度,削弱了边界层分离,促进了蜗壳及出口管道中的动压向静压转换效率,显著提高了风机性能,其中S1和S2模型风机效率分别平均提高了15.07%和16.03%,即S2模型在整体性能表现上优于S1模型。Due to the demand for distributed air supply applications,multi-outlet centrifugal fans are commonly used in engineering.To explore the performance characteristics of multi-outlet centrifugal fans,a numerical simulation method was employed to compare the performance curve variations of single-outlet,double-outlet,and triple-outlet multi-blade centrifugal fans.The internal flow characteristics and energy loss mechanisms were investigated.Additionally,the outlet pipe profile of the double-outlet fan was optimized,and the optimization scheme was determined.The results showed that compared to the singleoutlet fan,the total pressure and efficiency of the multi-outlet centrifugal fan are reduced in the range of most of the flow rate,with a slight increase near the maximum flow rate condition.As the number of outlets increases,the conversion efficiency from dynamic pressure to static pressure in the volute significantly decreases.The underlying reason is that the diffusing flow passage in the volute of multi-outlet fans is shorter,and the larger reverse pressure gradient in the outlet pipe extends into the volute.By changing the volute outlet from a constant cross-section straight pipe to an asymmetrical straight-line diffuser(S1 model)and a circular arc diffuser(S2 model),the reverse pressure gradient in the outlet pipe is reduced,boundary layer separation is weakened,and the conversion efficiency of dynamic pressure to static pressure in the volute and outlet pipe is improved.This significantly enhanced the fan's performance.The efficiency of the fan using the S1 and S2 models increases by an average of 15.07%and 16.03%,respectively,S2 model showing overall better performance.

关 键 词：离心风机 多出口 风机性能 内流特征 优化设计 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TH432[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]