续写:形态类型、潜在结构和中国城市项目  

Continuing to Write:Type-morphology,Latent Structures,and the Urban Project for the Chinese City

作　　者： 李焜(译)[3] 刘乾(译) Laura Anna Pezzetti;LI Kun;LIU Qian

机构地区：[1]米兰理工大学 [2]米兰理工大学建成环境与建筑工程系 [3]绿色建筑全国重点实验室、西安建筑科技大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑师》2025年第2期6-15,共10页The Architect

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“基于文脉保护的城市风貌特色塑造理论与关键技术”(2023YFC3805500)资助。

摘　　要：本文提出了一种基于“米兰传统”的城市与建筑研究方法,将城市场地视为可不断再写的“重写本”。文章强调,建筑设计不仅是理解城市现实的重要途径,也是一个在已有文本上书写、再写和覆盖的过程。作者首先指出建筑学是一门在历史基础上创新的学问,认为城市是物质与思想层层叠加的复合体,需要不断进行重新解读。通过对历史城市地图的分析,作者进一步讨论了基于文脉延续的城市理念与设计诠释,并指出现代城市设计应重视建筑环境的物质一致性和层次化的形态策略。同时,提出了从二元辩证法向组合思维的转变,强调调查与解释性地图在揭示聚落规则中的关键作用。通过两个案例研究,作者提出了在中国背景下的一种新研究方法,揭示了物质痕迹与非物质层次的叠加如何共同形成城市的记忆与叙事,并关注如何从类型的固有要素、潜在结构,以及类型-形态-地形三者关系的角度来解读历史聚落形态。最后,本文强调城市空间由多种编码交织而成,设计项目应基于对城市结构和历史的深刻理解,对现有城市文本进行新的刻写,以构建新的城市秩序与意义。This paper discusses an approach to studying cities and architecture based on the Milan tradition,emphasising architectural design as a way of understanding urban reality,considering the urban site as a‘written palimpsest’and considering design as a process of writing,rewriting,and overwriting upon an already-written text.The author begins by pointing out that architecture is a study of innovation based on history and that the city is a layering of materials and ideas that must be constantly reinterpreted.By analysing historical city maps,the author further discusses the continuity of urban concepts and design interpretations and emphasises the need for modern urban design to focus on the built environment’s material consistency and layering morphologies strategies.At the same time,a shift from dual dialectic to assemblage thinking is proposed,emphasising the importance of surveys and interpretive mapping in understanding settlement rules.Through two study cases,the author proposes a new research methodology in the Chinese context that reveals how the layering of physical traces and immaterial stratifications work together to form urban memories and narratives and focuses on how to read the morphology of historic settlements in terms of the typological invariants,latent structures,and the triple relationship between type-morphology-topography.Finally,the paper emphasises that urban space comprises multiple codes and that design projects should be based on a deeper understanding of urban structure and history,with new inscriptions on existing urban texts to create new urban orders and meanings.

关 键 词：形态类型 潜在结构 米兰学派 文脉延续 聚落研究 

分 类 号：TU-022[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-023TU-024