高抗湿MOF化聚乳酸纳纤膜制备及其高效滤除PM_(0.3)性能  

MOF-functionalized poly(lactic acid)nanofiberous membranes for efficient removal of PM_(0.3)and increased humidity resistance

作　　者：沈峥 徐超[2] 张一帆[2] 李湘 何泽 高娜[2,3] 杨婷 李晓鹏[3] 李和国 张明明 徐欢[2] SHEN Zheng;XU Chao;ZHANG Yifan;LI Xiang;HE Ze;GAO Na;YANG Ting;LI Xiaopeng;LI Heguo;ZHANG Mingming;XU Huan(Jiangsu Air Water Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221006,China;School of Materials Science and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221006,China;State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Institute of Chemical Defense,Beijing 100191,China;China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏爱尔沃特环保科技有限公司,徐州221006 [2]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,徐州221116 [3]国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室防化研究院,北京100191 [4]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2025年第3期1610-1621,共12页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52003292,52174222);国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3011704);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20200661);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放课题基金资助(sklpme2023-3-6);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021QN1115)。

摘　　要：聚乳酸(PLA)由于其生物可降解性在空气过滤领域具有良好的应用前景,但因其自身较低的电活性以及受到高湿度环境的影响,致使过滤效率不高。为此,采用微波辅助法合成了结构规整、极小尺寸(~500 nm)的金属有机框架MOF-5,进而通过静电纺丝-喷雾技术将不同负载量的MOF-5锚定于PLA纤维表面(PLA/MOF)。在负载量为8wt%时,介电常数和表面电势分别是纯PLA纳米纤维膜(纳纤膜)的2.3倍和3倍,PLA/MOF纳纤膜的电活性显著提升,摩擦电输出电压可达65.8 V。与纯PLA纳纤膜相比,PLA/MOF纳纤膜对PM_(0.3)过滤效率大幅提高,均可达到96%以上。在高湿环境(RH=90%),空气流速为85 L/min时,8wt%负载量的PLA/MOF纳纤膜的过滤效率也可达到90%以上。这种基于提高PLA电活性的MOF化纳纤膜在高湿度环境下滤除PM_(0.3)等人体呼吸安全领域具有广阔应用前景。Polylactic acid(PLA)has promising applications in the field of air filtration due to its biodegradability.However,its low electrical activity and susceptibility to high humidity environments lead to insufficient filtration efficiency.To address this issue,structured and ultra-small-sized(~500 nm)metal-organic framework MOF-5 was synthesized using microwave-assisted methods.Subsequently,different loading amounts of MOF-5 were anchored onto the surface of PLA fibers through electrospinning-spraying technology(PLA/MOF).At a loading amount of 8wt%,the dielectric constant and surface potential were 2.3 times and 3 times higher than those of Pure PLA nanofiber membranes,respectively.The electrical activity of PLA/MOF nanofiber membranes was significantly enhanced,with a frictional electricity output voltage of up to 65.8 V.Compared to pure PLA nanofiber membranes,PLA/MOF nanofiber membranes exhibited a greatly improved filtration efficiency for PM_(0.3),both exceeding 96%.In a high-humidity environment(RH=90%)with an air flow rate of 85 L/min,the filtration efficiency of PLA/MOF nanofiber membranes with 8wt%loading could also reach over 90%.This MOF-functionalized nanofiber membrane,which enhances the electrical activity of PLA,holds great potential for applications in the field of human respiratory safety,especially in filtering out PM_(0.3)in high-humidity environments.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 MOF化 纳纤膜 电活性 PMs捕集 抗湿性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]