海军官兵功能性胃肠病发生情况及其相关影响因素分析  

Analysis of the incidence and related influencing factors of functional gastrointestinal disorders in naval officers and sailors

作　　者：张菂 王涛 王帆 吴浩 汪鹏 黄文 李兆申 Zhang Di;Wang Tao;Wang Fan;Wu Hao;Wang Peng;Huang Wen;Li Zhaoshen(Department of Gastroenterology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;No.920 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科,上海200433 [2]联勤保障部队第九二〇医院,昆明650032

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2025年第3期237-242,共6页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查海军官兵功能性胃肠病(FGIDs)的患病情况并分析其相关影响因素。方法2022年9月至2023年6月,采用简单随机抽样方法,以建制为单位在东部战区、北部战区、南部战区、海岛岸防驻地开展FGIDs相关调研。根据自制专用调查问卷,采用现场发放并回收问卷形式开展调查。调查问卷内容包括受访对象的人口学信息、临床既往史、近3个月的消化道症状、饮食情况、睡眠情况等。依托电子数据库系统,形成FGIDs相关的临床资料研究队列。采用Logistic回归模型分析FGIDs发生的相关影响因素。结果共发放7500份调查问卷,回收有效问卷6297份,有效回收率为83.96%。7种最常见的FGIDs亚类为肠易激综合征、功能性消化不良、功能性便秘、功能性腹泻、反流高敏感、功能性胸痛、恶心呕吐症,总体发生率为34.62%。55.44%的调查对象饮食十分规律,42.42%饮食偶尔不规律,2.14%饮食较为不规律;84.98%的调查对象采用分餐制用餐方式;烹饪餐占比99.65%。海军官兵总体睡眠时间(6.91±1.01)h/d,自述十分满意42.18%、比较满意45.50%;白天困倦明显群体(n=705)中,睡眠时间(6.37±1.01)h/d,自述十分满意10.92%、比较满意43.83%。多因素分析发现11个与FGIDs发生相关的潜在因素,包括持续吸烟(OR=1.154)、频繁使用消化系统药物(OR=3.237)、饮食不规律(OR=1.433)、不吃/极少摄入主食(OR=1.531)、不吃/极少摄入水产品(OR=1.248)、不吃/极少摄入牛奶(OR=1.201)、不吃/极少摄入酸奶(OR=1.189)、睡眠质量较差(OR=1.766)、每日睡眠时间(OR=0.930)、工作压力感受度(P<0.001)和工作场所(P<0.001)。结论海军官兵中FGIDs发生率较高,对相关影响因素进行有针对性的干预预防可能有较好的临床价值。Objective To investigate the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs)among naval officers and sailors and analyze their related influencing factors.Methods From September 2022 to June 2023,a survey on FGIDs was carried out in the Eastern Theater Command,Northern Theater Command,Southern Theater Command,and coastal defense garrisons on islands by simple random sampling method.This study used a self-designed questionnaire,and was completed by on-site distribution and collection of the questionnaire.The items of the questionnaire included demographic information,clinical history,gastrointestinal symptoms in the recent three months,dietary status,sleep status,and so on.Based on the electronic database system,a study cohort of FGIDs related clinical data was established.And the logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of FGIDs.Results A total of 7,500 questionnaires were distributed and 6,297 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 83.96%.The seven most common FGIDs subclasses were irritable bowel syndrome,functional dyspepsia,functional constipation,functional diarrhea,hypersensitivity to reflux,functional chest pain,and nausea and vomiting,with an overall incidence of 34.63%.Among the survey respondents,55.44%reported having a very regular dietary routine,42.42%occasionally having irregular eating habits,and 2.14%having relatively irregular eating patterns.Additionally,84.98%of the respondents practiced individual dining,and cooked meals took 99.65%.The overall sleep duration of the naval officers and sailors was(6.91±1.01)h/d,42.18%of the respondents reported very satisfied and 45.50%reported relatively satisfied with their sleep.Among the group that experienced significant daytime sleepiness(n=705),the sleep duration was(6.37±1.01)h/d,10.92%reported very satisfied and 43.83%reported relatively satisfied with their sleep.A multivariate analysis identified 11 potential factors associated with the occurrence of FGIDs,including persistent smok

关 键 词：功能性胃肠病 横断面调查 海军官兵 影响因素 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]