日本高放废物处置容器腐蚀厚度设计研究进展  

Review on Corrosion Thickness Design of Canister for High-level Radioactive Waste in Japan

作　　者：彭立园 谢敬礼[1,2] 曹胜飞 谭季波[3] 吴欣强 张兹瑜[3] PENG Liyuan;XIE Jingli;CAO Shengfei;TAN Jibo;WU Xinqiang;ZHANG Ziyu(Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,China;High-level Radioactive Waste,CAEA Innovation Center for Geological Disposal,Beijing 100029,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029 [2]国家原子能机构高放废物地质处置创新中心,北京100029 [3]中国科学院金属研究所,中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2025年第3期563-576,共14页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：高放废物地质处置创新中心基金(WDZC-2023-HDYY-102)。

摘　　要：高放废物的安全处置是一个国际难题。我国通过建设采用“多重屏障系统”概念设计的高放废物深地质处置库,将高放废物与生物圈隔离。其中处置容器作为核心的工程屏障,应满足将高放废物与生物圈隔离、抑制放射性核素向地下水中释放和迁移的安全功能。这要求处置容器在设计寿命年限内保持完整性,不发生腐蚀失效,因此合理设计处置容器的腐蚀厚度至关重要。碳钢对局部腐蚀不敏感,主要发生均匀腐蚀,作为处置容器材料的腐蚀厚度可以通过均匀腐蚀速率计算获得。本文综述了日本高放废物处置容器腐蚀厚度的设计思路,分析了碳钢作为处置容器材料在处置库中可能发生的腐蚀形式,总结了碳钢的均匀腐蚀厚度预测模型并指出了其中的不足,以期望为我国的高放废物处置容器腐蚀厚度设计提供参考。The safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste is an international challenge.Deep geological disposal repository for high-level radioactive waste with multibarrier system design concept is being planned to construct in China to isolate the radionuclides from the biosphere.To meet the safe function of isolating waste from the biosphere,while also suppressing the release and migration of radionuclides into groundwater within its designed lifetime,the disposal canister,as the key engineering barriers,should maintain its integrity and avoid failure by corrosion.Thus,it is of great significance to design the corrosion allowance of the canister reasonably.Carbon steels are less susceptible to localized corrosion and mainly corrodes uniformly.The corrosion allowance is acquired by the corrosion rate and lifetime when carbon steels are adopted as materials for canister.The design concept of the corrosion allowance of the canister for high-level radioactive waste in Japan is reviewed in the present work.The possible corrosion forms and the corrosion thickness prediction models of the carbon steel canister in disposal repository are analyzed,and modification suggestions are also discussed,aiming to provide a reference for the corrosion thickness design of the canister.

关 键 词：高放废物 处置容器 碳钢 均匀腐蚀 腐蚀模型 腐蚀深度 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]