海洋环境中金属材料微生物腐蚀研究进展  

Research Progress of Microbial Corrosion of Metallic Materials in Marine Environment

作　　者：王宇晗 李俊 刘恒维 许楠 刘杰[1] 陈旭[1] WANG Yuhan;LI Jun;LIU Hengwei;XU Nan;LIU Jie;CHEN Xu(College of Petroleum Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun 113001,China;Applied Technology College,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116300,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石油天然气工程学院,抚顺113001 [2]大连海洋大学应用技术学院,大连116300

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2025年第3期577-588,共12页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研业务费项目(LJ212410148059)。

摘　　要：海洋环境中由微生物导致的金属腐蚀一直是研究和关注的焦点。海洋环境中微生物种类繁多,各微生物之间的相互作用对腐蚀的影响程度不同。混合微生物的腐蚀机制往往与单一微生物腐蚀存在差异,仅用单一微生物的腐蚀过程很难全面说明实际发生的腐蚀情况。深入研究不同微生物之间对金属材料的协同腐蚀作用已成为海洋微生物腐蚀领域的重要方向。本文全面总结了在海洋环境中典型的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)、硝酸盐还原菌(NRB)、以及铁氧化菌(IOB)等几种微生物腐蚀机制以及它们对金属材料腐蚀的研究进展。综合评述了SRB与其他微生物共存时对金属材料腐蚀产生的协同或拮抗效应,并且全面归纳了IOB、NRB等与其他微生物共存时对金属材料腐蚀产生的不同影响。最后,提出了海洋环境下金属材料微生物腐蚀未来研究的方向和建议,旨在为该领域的研究工作提供新的启发和方向,认识微生物腐蚀的本质,从而开发出更有效的防腐措施。Corrosion of metallic materials caused by microorganisms in marine environment has been the focus of research and attention.There exist many kinds of microorganisms in marine environment,and the interaction between microorganisms has different influence on corrosion.The corrosion mechanism of mixed microorganisms is often different from that of a single microorganism,and it is difficult to fully explain the actual corrosion situation with the corrosion process of a single microorganism.Indepth study on the synergistic corrosion of metallic materials by different microorganisms has become an important direction in the field of marine microbial corrosion.This paper summarizes the corrosion mechanism of several typical marine bacteria such as sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB),nitrate reducing bacteria(NRB)and iron oxidizing bacteria(IOB)in marine environment and the relevant research progress on these bacteria induced corrosion of metallic materials.The synergistic or antagonistic effects of SRB on the corrosion of metallic materials when it coexists with other microorganisms were comprehensively reviewed,and the different effects of iron oxidizing bacteria(IOB)and nitrate reducing bacteria(NRB)on the corrosion of metallic materials when they coexist with other microorganisms were also summarized in detail.Finally,the direction and suggestions for future research on the microbial corrosion of metallic materials in marine environment were put forward.It aims to provide new inspiration and direction for the research work in this field,and help researchers to better grasp the nature of microbial corrosion,so as to develop more effective anti-corrosion measures.

关 键 词：海洋环境 硫酸盐还原菌 硝酸盐还原菌 铁氧化菌 混合微生物 腐蚀机理 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]