金属材料的高温碳化腐蚀与防护研究现状  

Research Progress of Carbonization-corrosion and Protection of Alloy Steels

作　　者：沈晨 黄锦阳[2] 张醒兴 胡新元 朱明[1] 鲁金涛[2] SHEN Chen;HUANG Jinyang;ZHANG Xingxing;HU Xinyuan;ZHU Ming;LU Jintao(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage,Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]西安热工研究院有限公司,高效灵活煤电及碳捕集利用全国重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2025年第3期589-601,共13页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：中国华能集团有限公司重点科技项目(HNKJ23-H56和TA-24-HJK02)。

摘　　要：能源化工领域多使用合金钢作为结构材料,在服役过程中遇到碳含量较高的工作气氛,常常会出现碳化腐蚀的情况。由于现有的研究多为深入研究腐蚀现象,对碳化腐蚀的整体综述较少,因此本文从国内外碳化腐蚀研究现状、碳化腐蚀机理综述和碳化腐蚀的防护3个维度对碳化腐蚀的现有研究进行了讨论,主要分析了易出现碳化腐蚀的高温乙烯裂解管、超临界CO_(2)机组等不同服役环境下碳化腐蚀的机理研究,综合了碳化对钢材合金组织及力学性能影响方面的研究,讨论了改善合金服役环境、优化合金成分配方、制备合金耐蚀涂层等防护措施,展望了碳化腐蚀与防护的发展方向。目前,碳化腐蚀仍是能源化工领域的研究重点,尤其是超临界CO_(2)和高温气冷堆等新型能源装备系统存在的碳化腐蚀现象还有待进一步研究;高温金属防护涂层作为比较适合应对碳化腐蚀的有效措施之一,其抗碳化腐蚀的能力需进一步深入研究。Alloy steels are widely adopted as structural material in the field of energy and chemical industries,which may encounter atmospheres of high carbon content during service at high temperatures,as a subsequence,often suffer from carbonization-corrosion.Due to the fact that although the existing research covers many common corrosion phenomena,however the overall review of carbonization corrosion is less.Therefore,this paper tries to review the topic of carbonization-corrosion from three aspects:the current research status of carbonization corrosion at home and abroad,the mechanism of carbonization-corrosion,and the counter measures against carbonization-corrosion.The relevant mechanism of carbonization-corrosion encountered in different service environments,such as high-temperature ethylene cracking pipe and supercritical CO_(2) unit etc.,and the influence of carbonization on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloy steels were mainly reviewed and analyzed.The counter measures such as adjusting the service environment,optimizing the composition of alloy steels and preparing corrosion resistant coating were discussed.The further research directions related with carbonization-corrosion and protection measures were prospected.At present,carbonization is still the focus of research in the field of energy and chemical industries,especially the carbonization related phenomena existing in new energy equipment systems such as supercritical CO_(2) and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors need further study.Protective coating composed of high temperature alloys is one of the effective measures suitable for resisting carbonization corrosion,nevertheless its ability to resist carbonization needs further research.

关 键 词：高温腐蚀 碳化 高温气冷堆 奥氏体耐热钢 晶界腐蚀 涂层防护 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]