船舶EH40钢在低温和常温海水中的腐蚀机理研究  

Corrosion Behavior of EH40 Marine Steel in Artificial Seawater at Low-and Ambient-Temperatures

作　　者：刘家兵 黄诗雨 郭娜 郭章伟 刘涛 LIU Jiabing;HUANG Shiyu;GUO Na;GUO Zhangwei;LIU Tao(Institute of Marine Materials Science and Engineering,College of Ocean Science and Engineering,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院,上海深远海洋装备材料工程技术研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2025年第3期620-630,共11页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2023M742213);国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档(GZC20231538);上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金(24ZR1427800)。

摘　　要：为研究船舶EH40钢在低温与常温海水中的腐蚀机理,将试样浸泡于0和25℃模拟海水环境中,阐明不同浸泡周期下的腐蚀速率和电化学行为规律,利用配备能谱仪的扫描电镜观察腐蚀产物表面/截面形貌和成分分布特征,采用X射线衍射和光电子能谱技术分析腐蚀产物物相组成。结果表明:浸泡试验(过程)第1~3 d,试样在0℃海水中的腐蚀速率更高而点蚀数量更少,这归因于低温海水中高的溶解氧浓度和试样表面腐蚀产物的均匀覆盖;随着浸泡周期延长,25℃海水中钢样的腐蚀速率高于0℃海水,这是由于EH40钢在常温海水中具有更高的电化学活性和耐蚀性更差的腐蚀产物层;钢样在两种温度海水环境中产生的含Fe腐蚀产物主要为FeOOH,Fe_(2)O_(3)和Fe_(3)O_(4),但25℃海水中的钢样在浸泡后期会产生碳酸钙镁盐沉淀,与含Fe腐蚀产物共同构成腐蚀产物膜,降低了锈层的腐蚀保护性。The corrosion behavior of EH40 marine steel was assessed by means of immersion tests in an artificial seawater at 0 and 25 o C for various period respectively Then the variation of corrosion rate,morphology and composition of corrosion products were characterized via electrochemical measurement,scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer,X-ray diffractometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy etc.The results indicated that during the first three days of immersion,the corrosion rate of the steel at 0 o C was much higher with the formation fewer pits,which may be attributed to the high dissolved oxygen concentration and the uniform coverage of corrosion products on the steel surface in the low-temperature seawater.As the immersion period extended,the corrosion rate of the steel at 25 o C was higher than that at 0 o C,which may be due to the higher electrochemical activity and less protectiveness of the formed product layer on EH40 steel at 25 o C.The main iron-containing corrosion products formed at the two temperatures were FeOOH,Fe_(2)O_(3) and Fe_(3)O_(4).However,in the later stages of immersion in the artificial seawater at 25 o C,precipitates of calcium and magnesium carbonate could form,which mixed with the iron-containing corrosion products to create a corrosion product film,further deteriorating the protectiveness of the rust layer.

关 键 词：EH40钢 低温海水 常温海水 腐蚀机理 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]