常熟市成年居民心血管病高危人群流行特征及影响因素分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Influencing Factors of High-Risk Population of Cardiovascular Disease among Adult Residents in Changshu

作　　者：高晋懿 张秋伊 Gao Jinyi;Zhang Qiuyi(Office of Major Projects,Changshu Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Changshu,Jiangsu,215500,China)

机构地区：[1]常熟市疾病预防控制中心重大项目办,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2025年第4期16-20,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：2019年度常熟市卫生健康委科技计划项目(csws201923)。

摘　　要：目的:了解江苏省常熟市成年居民心血管疾病高危人群检出情况及相关影响因素,为科学制定常熟市心血管疾病的防控措施提供依据。方法:2018年11月—2019年7月,采用整群随机抽样法在常熟市6个乡镇抽取11809名城乡居民进行面对面问卷调查、体格检查和生化指标检测。结果:共检出心血管高危人群1854人,高危检出率为15.70%,女性高危检出率(16.60%)高于男性(14.40%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.828,P<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示,高年龄、丧偶、吸烟和中心性肥胖是常熟市成年男性居民心血管疾病高危人群检出的危险因素(OR值分别为2.818、1.529、1.341、1.468),行政/专业技术人员、饮茶、工作时间是正常白班或工作时间不固定为保护因素(OR值分别为0.378、0.706、0.426、0.449)。高年龄、丧偶、中心性肥胖是成年女性居民心血管疾病高危人群检出的危险因素(OR值分别为4.253、1.423、1.428),成年男性和女性居民心血管疾病高危组体检指标中的身体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血尿酸、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)均高于非高危组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:应积极开展综合预防措施,做好高危人群常态化筛查工作,控制心血管疾病的发病风险,鼓励居民限制吸烟、适量饮茶、合理膳食、控制体重、增强锻炼,促进健康生活方式的形成。OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of high-risk population of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and related influ⁃encing factors in Changshu,and to provide theoretical basis for scientific prevention and control measures of cardiovascular disease in Changshu.METHODS From November 2018 to July 2019,a total of 11809 urban and rural residents from 6 towns in Changshu were selected by cluster random sampling method for face-to-face questionnaire survey,physical examination and biochemical index detection.RESULTS A total of 1854 high risk subjects were detected,and the high risk rate was 15.70%.The high risk rate of fe⁃males(16.60%)was higher than that of males(14.40%)(χ^(2)=9.828,P<0.01).Older age,widowed,smoking and central obesity were the risk factors for CVD high-risk population in Changshu male residents(OR=2.818,1.529,1.341,1.468).Administrative/profes⁃sional and technical personnel,tea drinking,normal day shift OR variable working hours were protective factors(OR=0.378,0.706,0.426,0.449).Older age,widowed and central obesity were the risk factors for CVD high-risk population in female residents(OR=4.253,1.423,1.428).Body mass index(BMI),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),serum uric acid(UA),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)in male and female CVD high-risk group were higher than those in non-high-risk group,there was statistically significant difference(P<0.01).CONCLUSION It should actively carry out comprehensive prevention measures,do a good job of regular screening of high-risk groups,control the risk of cardiovascular dis⁃ease,encourage residents to limit smoking,moderate tea drinking,reasonable diet,body weight control,strengthen exercise,and pro⁃mote the formation of healthy lifestyle.

关 键 词：心血管疾病 高危人群 流行特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R54[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]