孕妇孕前BMI和孕期增重情况及其对新生儿出生体重的影响——以广西壮族自治区灵山县为例  

Pre-Pregnancy BMI and Gestational Weight Gain of Pregnant Women and Their Impact on Newborn Birth Weight:A Case Study of Lingshan County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：蓝闪婷 李雪琴 付铭涵 梁庆芬 陈春荣 汪之顼[2] 丁叶[2] Lan Shanting;Li Xueqin;Fu Minghan;Liang Qingfen;Chen Chunrong;Wang Zhixu;Ding Ye(Nutrition Department of Lingshan County Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Qinzhou,Guangxi,535000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]灵山县妇幼保健院,广西钦州535000 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2025年第4期39-43,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20211267)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨灵山县孕妇孕前身体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)和孕期增重情况及其对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法:选取2022年9月—2023年6月,在广西壮族自治区灵山县妇幼保健院建档并分娩的1292名孕妇,将其按照孕前BMI和孕期增重进行分组,分析孕前BMI对孕妇孕期增重和新生儿出生体重的影响。计量资料组间比较采用方差分析,计数资料组间比较采用χ^(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法。结果:1292名孕妇中,孕前超重/肥胖242人(18.7%)、孕前低体重269人(20.8%)、孕期增重不足144人(11.2%)、孕期增重过多505人(39.0%)。孕前低体重孕妇中孕期增重不足者占20.8%,孕前超重/肥胖孕妇中孕期增重过多者占45.0%。在新生儿方面,孕前低体重孕妇新生儿为低体重儿的占6.7%,孕期增重过多孕妇新生儿为巨大儿的占4.4%,孕期增重不足孕妇新生儿为低体重儿的占9.0%。结论:灵山县孕妇孕前低体重、孕期增重过多及新生儿出生体重过低的问题较为突出。相较于孕前BMI,孕期增重对新生儿出生体重的影响更为明显。OBJECTIVE To investigate the pre-pregnancy BMI and Gestational Weight Gain(GWG)status of pregnant women in Lingshan County and its impact on newborn birth weight.METHODS From September 2022 to June 2023,1292 pregnant women who registered and delivered at the Lingshan County Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as the study subjects.Pregnant women were grouped based on pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG,and the impact of pre-pregnancy BMI on GWG and the impact of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG on newborn birth weight were investigated under different conditions.Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of variance,and qualitative data were analyzed usingχ^(2) tests or Fisher exact probability method.RESULTS There were 242 cases of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity(18.7%),269 cases of pre-pregnancy underweight(20.8%),144 cases of inadequate GWG(11.2%),and 505 cases of excessive GWG(39.0%).The proportion of inadequate GWG among pre-pregnancy underweight women was 20.8%,while the proportion of excessive GWG among pre-pregnancy overweight/obese women was 45.0%.Regarding newborns,the proportion of low birth weight infants in the pre-pregnancy underweight group was 6.7%,while the proportion of macrosomia in the excessive GWG group was 4.4%,and the proportion of low birth weight infants in the inadequate GWG group was 9.0%.CONCLUSION The issues of pre-pregnancy underweight,excessive GWG,and low birth weight newborns are more prominent in Lingshan County.Compared to pre-pregnancy BMI,GWG has a more significant impact on newborn birth weight.

关 键 词：孕前身体质量指数 孕期增重 新生儿体重 农村 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]