2017—2021年开平市手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Kaiping from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：吴慧鹏 张少雯 黄立本[1] Wu Huipeng;Zhang Shaowen;Huang Liben(Kaiping Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kaiping,Guangdong,529300,China)

机构地区：[1]开平市疾病预防控制中心,广东开平529300

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2025年第4期48-50,62,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:分析2017—2021年开平市手足口病的流行特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学方法对国家传染病监测信息报告管理系统中2017—2021年开平市的手足口病病例资料进行分析。结果:2017—2021开平市共报告手足口病病例5385例,年均发病率为149.19/10万,发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=114.741,P<0.05)。发病时间呈双峰分布,主高峰为5—7月(占49.30%),次高峰为9—11月(占25.35%)。长沙街道、三埠街道、月山镇和水口镇的发病率和病例数均高于其他地区。发病主要集中在5岁及以下年龄组,占总病例的91.36%,散居儿童占总病例的62.82%。男性发病率高于女性(χ^(2)=206.520,P<0.05)。结论:2017—2021年开平市手足口病的发生存在明显的年龄、性别、职业和季节差异,需加强5岁以下儿童及托幼机构的健康教育,推广EV71疫苗接种。OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Kaiping from 2017 to 2021,and provide basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.METHODS Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the case data of hand,foot and mouth disease in Kaiping from 2017 to 2021 in Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Report System.RESULTS A total of 5385 cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease were reported in Kaiping from 2017 to 2021,with an average annual incidence rate of 149.19/105,and the reported incidence in different years showed a decreasing trend(χ^(2)=114.741,P<0.05).The onset time showed a bimodal distribution with two pesks,the onset time showed a bimodal distribution,with the main peak incidence was observed from May to July(49.30%),followed by a second peak from September to November(25.35%).The incidence rate and the number of cases in densely populated Changsha sub district,Sanbu sub district,Yueshan town and Shuikou Town are higher than those in other towns.The incidence was mainly concentrated in the age group of 5 years and below,accounting for 91.36%of the total cases.Scattered children were the main cases,accounting for 62.82%of the total cases.Incidence rate of male was higher than female(χ^(2)=206.520,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The occurrence of HFMD in Kaiping from 2017 to 2021 has obvious differences in age,sex,occupation and season.Children under 5 years old are the key population for prevention and control.Health education for key populations and key periods should be continued,targeted among parents and preschool education personnel,and EV71 vaccination should be promoted.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 发病率 防控措施 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]