2013—2023年我国船舶自沉事故统计与规律分析  

Statistics and regularity analysis of ship self-sinking accidents in China from 2013 to 2023

作　　者：张苏 聂晓琴 高梦瑶 张彤 ZHANG Su;NIE Xiaoqin;GAO Mengyao;ZHANG Tong(College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与安全工程学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2025年第5期45-50,共6页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：为分析我国船舶自沉事故规律特征与事故原因,统计分析2013—2023年我国水域发生的201起船舶自沉事故,探究事故发生时间、事故水域、船舶吨位、船舶类型、船龄等分布特征,基于灰色关联分析法(GRA)对船舶自沉事故致因进行分析。研究结果表明:3、11、12月份船舶自沉事故呈多发态势;2:00—4:00时段为事故高发频段;广东水域为事故高发区域;500总吨以下船舶、干散货船船舶类型、10~15年船龄等参数的涉事船舶发生自沉事故频次最多;“人、物、环、管”4个方面的关键致因分别为船员不适任、船舶结构缺陷、气象条件恶劣、安全管理不到位。In order to analyse the regularity and causes of ship self-sinking accidents in China,201 ship self-sinking accidents occurred in Chinese waters from 2013 to 2023 are statistically analysed in this paper.The distribution patterns of accident occurrence time,accident-prone waters,ship tonnage,ship type,and ship age were explored.Additionally,the Grey Relational Analysis(GRA)method was applied to investigate the causes of these accidents.The results show that there are more accidents in March,November and December,with a peak incidence between 2:00—4:00 AM.The waters of Guangdong are the areas with high accident incidence.The Guangdong waters are identified as a high-risk region.Ships with a gross tonnage below 500,dry bulk carriers,and vessels aged 10~15 years exhibit the highest accident frequencies.The key causative factors were identified in four dimensions—human,vessel,environment,and management—specifically including crew incompetence,structural defects of ships,severe weather conditions,and inadequate safety management.

关 键 词：船舶自沉事故 事故特征 灰色关联分析 事故原因 

分 类 号：U698.6[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]