沿黄城市加油站地下水污染潜势分析及验证——以郑州市为例  

Analysis and the verification of the groundwater pollution potential of gas stations in cities along the Yellow River--Taking Zhengzhou as an example

作　　者：唐辉 朱家葆 郭晓静 魏灿 TANG Hui;ZHU Jiabao;GUO Xiaojing;WEI Can(Henan Academy of Geology,Zhengzhou 450001;Henan Research Center of Urban Geological Engineering Technology,Zhengzhou 450001;Zhengzhou Ecology and Environment Bureau,Zhengzhou 450007)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质研究院,郑州450001 [2]河南省城市地质工程技术研究中心,郑州450001 [3]郑州市生态环境局,郑州450007

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2025年第2期159-165,共7页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：中央水污染防治资金项目(H2020410199S1-00001)。

摘　　要：分析加油站周边地下水污染影响因子,筛选储油罐总罐容、加油站服务年限、储罐类型、输油管线类型、地下水埋深、包气带介质类型、含水层渗透系数共7项因子建立评价指标体系,基于层次分析法对研究区内43家加油站进行污染潜势分析,并按污染潜势值将加油站分为3个评价等级。评价结果显示,有22个加油站污染潜势高,12个加油站污染潜势中等,9个加油站污染潜势低,黄河冲积平原加油站污染潜势普遍偏高,山前冲洪积平原加油站次之,黄土丘陵加油站污染潜势普遍偏低。选择高污染潜势加油站进行地下水环境状况监测,结果显示3个加油站地下水均受到不同程度的污染,1#加油站铅、1,2-二氯乙烷以及总石油烃最大值高于限值倍数,分别为0.6、0.6和82.2,2#加油站总石油烃最大值高于限值0.8倍,3#加油站总石油烃最大值高于限值280.4倍,监测数据验证了污染潜势评价结果。The influencing factors of groundwater pollution around gas stations were analyzed.A total of seven factors,including the total tank capacity of storage tanks,the service life of gas stations,the type of storage tanks,the type of oil pipelines,the groundwater depth,the type of vadose zone media,and the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer,were screened to establish an evaluation index system.Based on the analytic hierarchy process,the pollution potential of 43 gas stations in the study area was analyzed,and the gas stations were divided into three evaluation grades according to the pollution potential values.The evaluation results showed that 22 gas stations had high pollution potential,12 had medium pollution potential,and 9 had low pollution potential.The gas stations in the Yellow River alluvial plain generally had a relatively high pollution potential,followed by those in the piedmont alluvial-proluvial plain,while the gas stations in the loess hilly area generally had a relatively low pollution potential.To further verify the reliability of the pollution potential evaluation results,gas stations with high pollution potential were selected for groundwater environmental monitoring.The results showed that the groundwater of three gas stations was polluted to varying degrees.For Gas Station No.1,the maximum values of lead,1,2-dichloroethane,and total petroleum hydrocarbons were 0.6,0.6,and 82.2 times higher than the limit values respectively.For Gas Station No.2,the maximum value of total petroleum hydrocarbons was 0.8 times higher than the limit value.For Gas Station No.3,the maximum value of total petroleum hydrocarbons was 280.4 times higher than the limit value.The monitoring data verified the pollution potential evaluation results.

关 键 词：污染潜势值 地下水环境保护 污染防治 地下水监测 加油站 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]