中学生消极教养方式和学校恐惧的关系:神经质与领悟社会支持的链式中介作用  

Relationship between negative parenting and school phobia in adolescents:The serial mediating role of neuroticism and perceived social support

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作  者:郭子熊 毛富强[1] 王宇暄 王新琦 王怡[1] 江珊 于文彦 陈蒙 GUO Zixiong;MAO Fuqiang;WANG Yuxuan;WANG Xinqi;WANG Yi;JIANG Shan;YU Wenyan;CHEN Meng(Department of Psychiatry and Psychology,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China;University Ideological and Political Work Research Base,Tianjin Medical University)

机构地区:[1]天津医科大学精神卫生与心理学系,300070 [2]天津医科大学高校思想政治工作研究基地

出  处:《中国健康心理学杂志》2025年第5期781-788,共8页China Journal of Health Psychology

基  金:天津市高校思想政治教育工作研究基地项目(编号:JJSZZ202407005)。

摘  要:目的:探讨中学生消极教养方式与学校恐惧症状之间的关系,以及神经质和领悟社会支持在其中可能发生作用的机制。方法:采用父母教养方式问卷(S-EMBU-c)、大五人格神经质分量表(NEO-FFI)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和儿童焦虑性情绪障碍量表(SCARED)中学校恐怖分量表对3468名中学生进行调查。结果:皮尔逊相关分析的结果表明消极教养方式得分与神经质、学校恐惧呈显著的正相关(r=0.497,0.448;P<0.01);领悟社会支持得分与消极教养得分、神经质、学校恐惧呈显著负相关(r=-0.313,-0.471,-0.333;P<0.01);神经质的得分和学校恐惧的得分呈现显著正相关(r=0.595,P<0.01)。Bootstrap分析结果表明存在显著的链式中介效应,即神经质和领悟社会支持在中学生消极教养方式影响学校恐惧的过程中起到了链式中介作用,其中中介效应占总效应55.30%。其中消极教养方式可以直接预测学校恐惧(β=0.059,95%CI=0.050~0.068),也可以通过神经质的中介作用(β=0.068,95%CI=0.061~0.075)、领悟社会支持的中介作用(β=0.002,95%CI=0.001~0.003)以及神经质和领悟社会支持的链式中介作用(β=0.003,95%CI=0.001~0.006)间接影响学校恐惧。结论:神经质与领悟社会支持在中学生消极教养方式对学校恐惧的影响中起链式中介作用,即消极教养方式得分高的中学生更容易形成较高水平的神经质,降低自身的领悟社会支持水平并进一步出现更严重的学校恐惧。Objective:To explore the relationship between negative parenting styles in adolescents and school phobia symptoms,as well as the mechanisms of neuroticism and perceived social support.Methods:A total of 3468 middle school students were surveyed using the Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI),the Neuroticism subscale of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory(NEO-FFI),the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),and the School Fear subscale of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED).Results:Pearson correlation analysis showed that negative parenting scores were significantly positively correlated with neuroticism and school phobia(r=0.497,0.448;P<0.01);Perceived social support scores were significantly negatively correlated with negative parenting scores,neuroticism,and school phobia(r=-0.313,-0.471,-0.333;P<0.01);Neuroticism scores were significantly positively correlated with school phobia scores(r=0.595,P<0.01).Bootstrap analysis results indicated a significant serial mediating effect,where neuroticism and perceived social support played a serial mediating role in the impact of negative parenting styles on school phobia among middle school students,accounting for 55.30%of the total effect.Negative parenting styles could directly predict school phobia(β=0.059,95%CI=0.050~0.068),and could also indirectly affect school phobia through the mediating role of neuroticism(β=0.068,95%CI=0.061~0.075),the mediating role of perceived social support(β=0.002,95%CI=0.001~0.003),and the serial mediating role of neuroticism and perceived social support(β=0.003,95%CI=0.001~0.006).Conclusion:Neuroticism and perceived social support play a serial mediating role in the impact of negative parenting styles on school phobia among middle school students,meaning that students with higher scores in negative parenting styles are more likely to develop higher levels of neuroticism,reduce their perceived social support levels,and further exhibit more severe school phobia.

关 键 词:学校恐惧 中学生 消极教养方式 神经质 领悟社会支持 

分 类 号:R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]

 

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