哺乳动物卵泡发育阶段颗粒细胞增殖与分化的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Granulosa Cells at Various Follicular Development Stages in Mammal

作　　者：郭妍岩 张羽欣 陆瑞 李玉鹏[1] 陈龙宾[1] 张金龙[1] 姚大为[1] 阮维斌[2] 张效生[1] 郭晓飞 GUO Yanyan;ZHANG Yuxin;LU Rui;LI Yupeng;CHEN Longbin;ZHANG Jinlong;YAO Dawei;RUAN Weibin;ZHANG Xiaosheng;GUO Xiaofei(Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300381,China;College of Life Science,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming,Jilin Province Feed Processing and Ruminant Precision Breeding Cross Regional Cooperation Technology Innovation Center,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所天津市畜禽分子育种与生物技术重点实验室天津市畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心,天津300381 [2]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所吉林省饲料加工与草食家畜精准饲养跨区域合作科技创新中心吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室,长春130102

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2025年第4期1484-1493,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金(23JCYBJC00260);吉林省青年成长科技项目(20230508122RC);天津市重点研发计划(23YFZCSN00170);畜禽生物育种全国重点实验室开放课题(2024SKLAB6-11,2024SKLAB6-4);天津市财政预算项目(24YDTPJC00290,24YDTPJC00480);天津市农业科学院种业创新项目(2024ZYCX012)。

摘　　要：在哺乳动物的繁殖过程中,精子和卵子的发生以及受精卵的发育都至关重要。目前,有关哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟发育的研究不在少数,但对其保卫细胞-颗粒细胞是如何对卵母细胞发育产生作用的还有待深入探索。在雌性哺乳动物中,早期卵巢颗粒细胞是由卵巢网和卵巢表皮细胞发育而来的;此后的前体颗粒细胞阶段就围绕于卵母细胞周围,通过间隙连接方式为卵母细胞提供营养物质并进行信息交流,并依赖繁殖激素(如AMH、FSH、LH)调节作用进而对卵母细胞成熟进行调控。本文通过综述哺乳动物卵巢颗粒细胞的来源、颗粒细胞在卵泡各发育阶段的分化及其在卵母细胞成熟过程的功能机制,以期为进一步研究哺乳动物卵巢颗粒细胞的生物学功能提供帮助,并为体外卵母细胞成熟培养体系提供优化思路。Spermatogenesis,oogenesis,and the development of a fertilized egg,are all crucial in mammalian reproduction.Currently,there is no shortage of studies on the maturation and devel-opment of mammalian oocytes,but the role of granulosa cells in the development of oocytes re-mains to be explored in depth.In female mammals,early ovarian granulosa cells are developed from the ovarian reticulum and ovarian epidermal cells;thereafter,the precursor granulosa cell stage surrounds the oocyte,providing nutrients and communicates information for the oocyte through gap junctions,and regulating oocyte maturation by relying on the regulation of reproduc-tion hormones(such as AMH,FSH,and LH).In this paper,the origin of mammalian ovarian granulosa cells,the differentiation of granulosa cells at each stage of follicle development,and their functional mechanism during oocyte maturation were reviewed in order to provide help for the further study of the biological functions of mammalian ovarian granulosa cells,and provide optimization ideas for the in vitro oocyte maturation culture system.

关 键 词：卵巢 颗粒细胞 卵母细胞 哺乳动物 增殖与分化 

分 类 号：S814.1[农业科学—畜牧学]