新型的孤独?社交回避心理下人机何以共生  

New Loneliness?Human-machine Interaction under Social Avoidance Psychology

作　　者：焦宝 胡奇茵 JiaoBao;HuQiyin

机构地区：[1]吉林大学新闻与传播学院,吉林长春130015 [2]吉林大学哲学社会学院

出　　处：《传媒观察》2025年第4期37-48,共12页Media Observer

基　　金：“吉林大学研究生创新基金资助项目”(2023CX263)成果。

摘　　要：随着人工智能生成内容(AIGC)技术的迅猛发展以及人类生活方式的深度媒介化,除了将人工智能作为工具使用,人们还在与其建立情感连接,这种人类-人工智能交往行为引起了广泛关注。研究立足于个体社交回避心理,采用对比实验法,将人机交往行为与人际交往行为进行系统对照,深入分析人类在面对人工智能时的情感状态,探究人机情感交流的新范式。研究结果表明:相较于传统的人际社交,人机交往中的社交回避行为呈现出减弱的趋势,但交往过程的满意程度仍未达预期。在后续访谈中发现,推动人机交往行为转向的动机不仅包含对人际交往规范的焦虑与疲惫感,还涉及触屏行为的习化、对孤独情绪的逃避心理等多重因素。虽然人机交往为人类提供了一个新的异主体交流对象,但不同主体间的交流模式差异也引发了新的伦理思考:如何在虚实共生的语境下规避双重异化与共生缺失导致的心理孤独,以及如何应对他者消失可能带来的同质化扩散,这已成为提升人机情感交流质量的关键议题。With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content(AIGC)technologies and the deep mediatization of human life,artificial intelligence is increasingly functioning not only as a tool but also as an emotional companion.This growing human-AI interaction has drawn significant attention.Grounded in social avoidance psychology,this study adopts a comparative experimental approach to systematically contrast human-machine communication with traditional interpersonal communication.It analyzes individuals'emotional states during AI interactions and explores a new paradigm for emotional exchange between humans and machines.The findings indicate that,compared to interpersonal communication,social avoidance behaviors are reduced in human-machine interactions.However,the emotional satisfaction derived from such interactions remains limited.Follow-up interviews reveal that the turn toward human-machine interaction is driven not only by anxiety and fatigue related to social norms,but also by habitual touchscreen use and a psychological desire to escape loneliness.While humanmachine communication introduces a novel form of hetero-subjective interaction,it also presents emerging ethical challenges.Key concerns include how to address psychological loneliness resulting from dual alienation and a lack of symbiotic connection in a world of virtual-real coexistence,as well as how to manage the potential homogenization and loss of"otherness."These issues are central to improving the quality and ethical grounding of emotional communication in human-AI relationships.

关 键 词：社交回避 人机交往 人际传播 他者伦理 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]