媒介行动主义视角下的农民主体性再发现——以豫南X县农村人居环境整治行动为例  

Rediscovery of Farmers'Subjectivity from the Perspective of Media Actionism

作　　者：张淑华[1] 贺子宸 Zhang Shuhua;He Zichen

机构地区：[1]郑州大学新闻与传播学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《传媒观察》2025年第4期79-89,共11页Media Observer

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴视角下新媒体在乡村治理中的角色与功能”(21&ZD319)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：乡村现代化进程中农民主体缺位、权利虚置、文化失语、行动错位等问题一直是乡村振兴和发展的阻滞性因素。从历史和现实经验出发,媒介和传播技术的发展可以为农民主体性再发现提供相应契机。本文以媒介行动主义理论为研究视角,通过对豫南X县农村人居环境整治行动的具体案例分析和系统观察发现:农民利用数字媒介参与乡村治理实践的过程可以依次划分为“组织、动员、行动、反馈”四个环节;农民在媒介行动进程中可以获得主体权利意识的提升、社会关系网络的拓展以及乡村共同体意识增强等主体性再发现,媒介参与有助于农民认知、行动、价值等层面的自我提升和更好发挥其主体价值;同时,媒介对农民主体性建构也存在着潜在威胁,应警惕媒介营造的美好幻觉所带来的“相对剥夺感”。Persistent challenges such as the erosion of farmers'subjectivity,inadequate rights,cultural aphasia,and misaligned actions continue to hinder rural revitalization and modernization efforts.Drawing on historical and practical perspectives,this study explores how advancements in media and communication technologies can provide new opportunities to reawaken and empower farmers'agency.Grounded in the theoretical framework of media activism,the study conducts a case analysis and systematic observation of rural living environment improvement initiatives in X County,Henan Province.The findings identify four sequential phases in farmers'engagement with rural governance via digital media:organization,mobilization,action,and feedback.This participatory process fosters the rediscovery of farmers'subjectivity,as evidenced by increased rights awareness,the expansion of social networks,and a renewed sense of rural community belonging.Media participation enhances farmers'cognitive,behavioral,and value-based capacities,enabling them to exercise greater agency in local governance.However,the construction of subjectivity through media also entails potential risks—most notably,"relative deprivation"triggered by illusory perceptions shaped by media representation—highlighting the need for ongoing critical awareness and ethical oversight.

关 键 词：媒介行动主义 农民主体性 数字媒介 媒介赋权 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]