铜及铝合金的大气腐蚀及其影响规律  

Atmospheric Corrosion and Its Effect Regularity of the Copper and Aluminum alloys Used in Power Grid

作　　者：张洁 李乐民 赵骞 缪春辉 陈国宏 汤文明[2] ZHANG Jie;LI Lemin;ZHAO Qian;MIAO Chunhui;CHEN Guohong;TANG Wenming(State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Electric Power Research Institute,Hefei 230601,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,合肥230601 [2]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《腐蚀与防护》2025年第4期66-74,共9页Corrosion & Protection

基　　金：国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目(B3120522001G)。

摘　　要：针对安徽省域自然曝露1 a、3 a后的H59黄铜和2024、5052铝合金试样,开展腐蚀层组成及形貌研究,探讨合金大气腐蚀机理。采用腐蚀质量损失法获取试样的腐蚀速率,评估大气腐蚀等级,结合灰色关联分析,揭示主要环境因素对铜、铝合金试样大气腐蚀速率的影响规律。结果表明:H59黄铜发生脱锌腐蚀,腐蚀层对基体保护弱,大气腐蚀等级介于C2、C3之间;2024、5052铝合金首先发生点蚀,再发展为全面腐蚀,腐蚀程度远低于H59黄铜,大气腐蚀等级多为C1、C2。H59黄铜大气腐蚀受大气环境影响大,灰色关联分析显示,温度、湿度影响最大,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)颗粒物影响最小,SO2的影响也较小。A study on the composition and morphology of the corrosion layer on H59 brass and 2024,5052 aluminum alloy samples exposed to natural conditions for 1 and 3 years in Anhui Province was conduceted,and the atmospheric corrosion mechanism of the alloys was also explored.Using the corrosion loss method,the corrosion rate of the sample was obtain,the atmospheric corrosion level was evaluated,and the influence of major environmental factors on the atmospheric corrosion rate of copper and aluminum alloy samples was revealed with grey correlation analysis.The results indicate that H59 brass exhibited zinc removal corrosion,and the corrosion layer provided weak protection to the substrate.The atmospheric corrosion level was between C2 and C3,2024 and 5052 aluminum alloys first experienced pitting corrosion,which then developed into full-scale corrosion.The degree of corrosion was much lower than that of H59 brass,and the atmospheric corrosion level was mostly C1 and C2.H59 brass's atmospheric corrosion was greatly affected by the atmospheric environment.Grey correlation analysis shows that temperature and humidity had the greatest impact,PM2.5 and PM10 particles had the smallest impact,and SO2 had a small impact.

关 键 词：电网设备 H59黄铜 铝合金 大气腐蚀 灰色关联分析 环境因素 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]