压缩机齿轮轴端齿盘断齿原因  

Reason for tooth breakage of the gear shaft end gear disc of the compressor

作　　者：李明 刘希德 李金红 马宇 LI Ming;LIU Xide;LI Jinhong;MA Yu(Testing Center,Jinzhou Jietong Railway Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhou 121116,China)

机构地区：[1]锦州捷通铁路机械股份有限公司检测中心,锦州121116

出　　处：《理化检验(物理分册)》2025年第4期47-51,共5页Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)

摘　　要：某压缩机在服役期间,其5级叶轮侧的齿轮轴端齿盘发生断齿事故。采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、扫描电镜和能谱分析、金相检验等方法对该轴端齿断裂原因进行分析。结果表明:轴端齿的断裂性质为微动疲劳断裂;服役时,装配预紧力不足使中心拉杆发生松弛,导致齿面出现微动磨损,裂纹起源于微动磨损形成的麻坑处,在交变载荷的作用下,麻坑处产生应力集中,引起疲劳裂纹的萌生和扩展,最终导致轴端齿断裂。During the service of a certain compressor,the gear shaft end gear disc on the 5th stage impeller side experienced tooth breakage.The cause of the fracture of the shaft end teeth was analyzed using macroscopic observation,chemical composition analysis,mechanical property testing,scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis,metallographic examination.The results show that the fracture property of the shaft end teeth was fretting fatigue fracture.During service,insufficient pre tightening force during assembly caused the center pull rod to relax,resulting in fretting wear of the tooth surface.Cracks originated from the pits formed by micro motion wear.Under the action of alternating loads,stress concentration occurred at the pits,led to the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks,ultimately resulted in the fracture of the shaft end teeth.

关 键 词：端齿盘 18CrNiMo7-6钢 接触应力 麻坑 微动疲劳 

分 类 号：TB31[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG115.2[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]