放顶煤开采覆岩破坏特征相似模拟研究  

Similar Simulation Experimental Study of Overburden Rock Damage Characteristics under Roof Coal Mining Conditions

作　　者：刘殿栋 LIU Diandong(Anping Mining Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jinneng Holding Group,Shuozhou 036900,China)

机构地区：[1]晋能控股集团安平煤业有限公司,山西朔州036900

出　　处：《煤》2025年第5期56-60,89,共6页Coal

摘　　要：为明确放顶煤开采法下覆岩破坏特征,以晋能控股安平煤矿为工程背景,利用二维相似模拟试验研究综放工作面覆岩破坏特征,揭示其裂隙演化规律。结果表明:①试验工作面垮落带高度37.10 m,裂隙带高度164.20 m,回采过程中共发生8次来压,初次来压65 m,平均周期来压步距35 m.②煤层回采过程中切眼侧覆岩变形较为严重,顶板支撑压力在超前20~40 m内产生应力集中,采空区中部应力卸载,超前以远趋于原岩应力。③覆岩在各周期来压阶段均呈现“梯形”形态,纵向破断裂隙和横向离层裂隙沿走向均呈“M”型双驼峰状分布。In order to clarify the damage characteristics of overburden rock under the roof coal mining method,a mine in Datong coal mine group Tongsheng Anping coal mine was used as the engineering background to study the damage characteristics of the overburden rock in the comprehensive release working face using two-dimensional similarity simulation test,and to reveal its fissure evolution law.The results show that:①the height of the collapse zone of the test face is 37.10 m,the height of the fissure zone is 164.20 m.In the process of mining,there are 8 times of incoming pressures,the initial incoming pressure is 65 m,and the average cyclic incoming pressure step distance is 35 m.②The deformation of the overburden rock on the side of the cutter eye in the process of mining is more serious,and the top plate support pressure produces stress concentration in the overtopping within 20~40 m,and the middle part of the mining area is stress unloaded,which tends to the original rock stress in the farther part of the overtopping.③The overburden rock shows a"trapezoidal"shape in the pressure stage of each cycle,and the longitudinal breakage fissures and transverse detachment fissures are distributed in the form of"M"type double humps along the strike direction.

关 键 词：物理相似模拟 放顶煤开采 覆岩破坏特征 纵向破断 横向离层 

分 类 号：TD325.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]