重症医学科专病数据库构建策略与实践  

Strategies and Practice for the Construction of a Specialized Disease Database in Critical Care Medicine

作　　者：杨睿 葛小玲[1] YANG Rui;GE Xiaoling(Information and Big Data Center,Fudan University Affiliated Children’s Hospital,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院,上海市201100

出　　处：《中国卫生信息管理杂志》2025年第2期253-261,共9页Chinese Journal of Health Informatics and Management

摘　　要：目的探索重症医学科专病数据库的建设策略,构建智能化、标准化、高效化的重症医学科专病数据库,提升临床研究效率和科研能力,支持精准医疗与多中心协作。方法通过大数据管控平台采集多源数据,利用专病库管理平台进行智能化数据整合与管理,并通过自然语言处理(NLP)等技术处理非结构化数据,确保数据质量和一致性。制定统一的多中心协作原则,通过多中心登记研究平台实现多中心数据采集与标准化治理。结果完成重症感染、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、长期机械通气(PMV)、细菌耐药、持续肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)、体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)6个关键病种与技术的多中心专病数据库建设。数据库包含11个科研队列,涵盖600余项通用指标和5000余项个性化指标,纳入7000余名患者数据,实现近200家医疗机构的数据整合与共享。结论初步构建了一个高效的科研专病支持平台,为精准医疗和多中心协作提供了有力的支撑,并在跨机构协作科研、临床决策支持系统研发、科研项目推进等方面取得重要成果,推动了重症医学科的临床研究与实践发展。Objective Explore the construction strategies for the critical care medicine specialty database,build an intelligent,standardized,and efficient critical care medicine specialty database to improve the efficiency of clinical research and scientific research capabilities,and support precision medicine and multi-center collaboration.Methods Collect multi-source data through a big data control platform,use a specialty disease database management platform for intelligent data integration and management,and process unstructured data through technologies such as natural language processing to ensure data quality and consistency.Establish unified principles for multi-center collaboration,and achieve standardized governance of multi-center data collection through a multi-center registration research platform.Results Completed the construction of multi-center specialty disease databases for six key diseases and technologies,including severe infection,acute respiratory distress syndrome,prolonged mechanical ventilation,bacterial resistance,continuous renal replacement therapy,and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.The database includes 11 research cohorts,covering more than 600 general indicators and more than 5,000 personalized indicators,incorporating data from more than 7,000 patients,and achieving data integration and sharing among nearly 200 institutions.Conclusion An efficient research-oriented specialized disease support platform has been preliminarily constructed,which provides strong support for precision medicine and multi-center collaboration.Additionally,the platform has achieved significant results in cross-institutional collaborative research,the development of clinical decision support systems,and the advancement of research projects,thereby promoting the development of clinical research and practice in the field of critical care medicine.

关 键 词：重症医学科 专病数据库 智能化数据采集 多中心协作 精准医疗 

分 类 号：R197.323.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R319[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]