体制内外的工作美学博弈:考编青年的“编外”就业风险认知研究  

The Struggles of Work Aesthetic Inside and Outside the System:A Study of Civil Service Exam Candidates’Perceptions of Non-System Employment Risks

作　　者：韩敏[1] 来平平 杜文杰 Han Min;Lai Pingping;Du Wenjie

机构地区：[1]西南大学

出　　处：《北京青年研究》2025年第3期102-111,共10页Beijing Youth Research

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金后期资助项目《融合社会:青年文化新形态与新理论》(项目编号:22FXWB013)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：20世纪90年代初期,社会主义市场经济体制建设步伐加快,激发了大批青年“下海”。而如今青年职业选择却高度集中于公务员、事业单位等有编制的岗位,导致不少中小微企业面临招工难题。过去40年里,青年的职业选择在“下海”与“上岸”之间来回转变,但不变的是,受消费文化的影响,无论是20世纪90年代初“下海”的青年还是在当代选择“上岸”的青年,都是在追寻“有趣的”“自由的”,即符合“工作美学”的工作。当代考编青年认为,当下编制内的工作是具有审美意指的,而编外工作由于其存在的高择业成本、低权益保障、低经济收入以及劳动意义匮乏的风险,因此是缺乏工作美学的、被厌弃的工作。从“下海”到“上岸”,折射出我国中小微企业就业环境所存在的困境,优化社会人才资源配置、破解民营中小微企业用工难题亟需政府、高校、企业三方合力协作。In the early 1990s,the accelerated pace of construction of the socialist market economy inspired a large number of young people to"Xia Hai"(means jump into the sea of business).However,today's young people's career choices are highly concentrated in government jobs and public institutions with staff quota,leading to recruitment difficulties for many small and micro enterprises.Over the past 40 years,young people's career choices have come back and forth between"Xia Hai"and"Shang An"(means pass the civil service exam),but the constant is that,by the influence of consumption culture,both in the early 1990s,young people who"Xia Hai"in the 1990s or those who"Shang An"in the present are all pursuing"interesting"and"free"jobs,i.e.jobs that conform to"work aesthetics".Young people who are taking the civil service exam today believe that inside system jobs are in line with the aesthetics of the work,while outside system jobs jobs,are jobs that lacks work aesthetics and are abandoned because of their high cost of employment,low protection of rights and interests,low economic income and the risk of lack of labor significance.From"Xia Hai"to"Shang An",it reflects the problems in the employment environment of small and micro enterprises in China,and optimizes the allocation of social talent resources.To solve the employment problems of private small and micro enterprises,it requires cooperation among the government,universities,and enterprises.

关 键 词：考编青年 就业风险认知 工作美学 职业观 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理]