柴油机高性能凸轮轴型线开发研究  

Research on the Development of High-performance Camshaft Profiles for Diesel Engines

作　　者：黄令宇 杜辉 高庆文[1] HUANG Lingyu;DU Hui;GAO Qingwen(Jiangling Motors Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江铃汽车股份有限公司,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《内燃机》2025年第2期7-11,共5页Internal Combustion Engines

摘　　要：柴油发动机气门开闭相位与升程特性是影响气缸充气效率的关键因素,直接关联发动机进气量调控与动力输出潜能。本文围绕某四缸柴油发动机凸轮轴气门升程设计方法展开研究。通过构建气门升程热力学仿真模型,耦合准三维边界条件实现发动机全工况动态仿真。对气门升程高度进行扫点仿真,求取动力性、经济性、排放属性平衡最优解。基于燃油消耗率(BSFC)、充气效率和泵气损失指标选择最佳气门包角区域。针对气门叠开周期,进行迭代选型,以避免进气回流和过量扫气等非正常的进排气过程,获得最优气门叠开角。最终实现了发动机低速扭矩24%的大幅提升,且燃油经济性得到小幅改善,整车颗粒捕集器(DPF)再生里程显著提升,为产品的竞争力提升和低碳化开发提供了借鉴。The valve timing and lift characteristics of diesel engines are critical factors influencing cylinder charging efficiency,directly linked to the regulation of intake air volume and the potential power output of the engine.This study focuses on the valve lift design optimization for a four-cylinder diesel engine.A thermodynamic simulation model of valve lift was established,integrating quasi-threedimensional boundary conditions to achieve dynamic simulation across full operating conditions.Parameter sweep simulations of valve lift heights were conducted to identify the optimal balance among power performance,fuel economy,and emission attributes.The optimal valve envelope angle range was selected based on metrics including brake-specific fuel consumption(BSFC),charging efficiency,and pumping loss.For valve overlap periods,iterative optimization was performed to avoid abnormal intake/exhaust processes such as air reflux and excessive scavenging,ultimately determining the optimal valve overlap angle.The proposed methodology achieved a 24% improvement in low-speed torque,a slight enhancement in fuel economy,and a significant extension of the vehicle′s diesel particulate filter(DPF)regeneration interval.These advancements provide a key technical pathway for enhancing the competitiveness and decarbonization of diesel engine products.

关 键 词：柴油机 凸轮轴型线 动态仿真 性能提升 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]