聚酰亚胺在电池隔膜与固态电解质膜中的研究进展  

Research Progresses of Polyimide in Battery Separators and Solid-State Electrolytes

作　　者：陈嘉伟 王焓 李玉湖 孙贵琦 江杉 宋鑫 张健敏[1,2,3] CHEN Jia-wei;WANG Han;LI Yu-hu;SUN Gui-qi;JIANG Shan;SONG Xin;ZHANG Jian-min(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;Power Integration and Energy Storage System Engineering Technology Center,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Electric Vehicle Intelligent Power Integration Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,青岛266071 [2]青岛大学动力集成及储能系统工程技术中心,青岛266071 [3]电动汽车智能化动力,集成技术国家地方联合工程研究中心(青岛),青岛266071

出　　处：《高分子通报》2025年第4期546-559,共14页Polymer Bulletin

摘　　要：近年来,新能源汽车行业的迅猛发展推动了高能量密度二次电池需求的持续增长。然而,电池使用不当(如过充过放、机械滥用和高温热冲击等)引发的电池短路、燃烧和爆炸等安全事故频发,成为制约其进一步发展的关键问题。当前,电池隔膜和电解液材料的选择局限性是导致安全事故的主要原因。聚酰亚胺(polyimide,PI)凭借其优异的机械性能、耐热性和电化学稳定性,已成为电池隔膜和固态电解质膜领域的研究热点。本文首先综述了传统PI隔膜的制备方法、探讨了基于传统PI隔膜的改性技术,概述了PI在固态电解质膜中的应用,而后深入分析了其在耐热性、电化学稳定性、离子传导和兼容性等方面的独特优势,最后对PI在电池隔膜与固态电解质膜中的应用进行了总结与展望。In recent years,the rapid development of electric vehicle industry has driven a continuouslygrowing demand for high energy-density secondary batteries.However,safety incidents such as battery short-circuits,fires,and explosions caused by improper usage(e.g.,over-charging,over-discharging,mechanical abuse,and high-temperature thermal shocks)have become critical issues hindering further development.Currently,the limitations in the selection of battery separators and electrolytes are major causes of safety incidents.Polyimides(PI),with their excellent mechanical properties,thermal resistance,and electrochemical stability,have become a research hotspot in the fields of battery separators and solid-state electrolytes.This paper first reviews the preparation methods of traditional PI separators,explores modification technologies based on traditional PI separators,and outlines the applications of PI in solid-state electrolytes.Then we delve into the unique advantages of PI in terms of thermal resistance,electrochemical stability,ionic conductivity,and compatibility.Finally,we summarize and provide an outlook on the application of PI in battery separators and solid-state electrolytes.

关 键 词：锂电池 聚酰亚胺 电池隔膜 固态电解质膜 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]