羧甲基纤维素钠基水溶性黏结剂在锂离子电池硅电极中的应用  

Performance of Water-soluble Binder Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium in Silicon Electrode of Lithium-ion Battery

作　　者：孙兴燊 林详宇 赵升云[2] 范荣玉[2] 杨自涛 刘鹤[1] 宋湛谦 SUN Xing-shen;LIN Xiang-yu;ZHAO Sheng-yun;FAN Rong-yu;YANG Zi-tao;LIU He;SONG Zhan-qian(Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products,Chinese Academy of Forestry/National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization/Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products,National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material,Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210042,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology,Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of Fujian Province University,Wuyi University,Wuyishan 354300,China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,南京210042 [2]武夷学院,福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室,绿色化工技术福建省高等学校重点实验室,武夷山354300 [3]南京林业大学,江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心,南京210037

出　　处：《高分子通报》2025年第4期676-688,共13页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：江苏省生物质能与材料实验室自主科研项目(项目号JSBEM-S-202201);福建省科技创新重点项目(项目号2021G02014);福建省自然科学基金(基金号2023J011054,2024J01922)。

摘　　要：林业生物质资源纤维素的衍生物羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na),因其环境友好、原料来源广泛、可再生等优势,在锂离子电池领域备受关注。为提升CMC-Na在锂离子电池(LIBs)硅负极的应用性能,以阴离子型多糖CMC-Na和阳离子型高聚物聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为原料,通过简便高效的物理共混法,构筑基于阴阳离子相互作用的交联型黏结剂(C-PEI-10%)。与油溶性PVDF和纯CMC-Na对比,研究具有三维(3D)交联结构的C-PEI-10%作为锂离子电池硅负极黏结剂的黏附强度、电池性能和电化学性能。实验表明,使用C-PEI-10%作为黏结剂的电极Si@C-PEI-10%展现出优异的剥离强度,平均剥离力为2.42 N,优于2个对比电极Si@PVDF(0.57 N)和Si@CMC-Na(1.52 N)。在0.2 C电流密度下循环100圈,电极Si@C-PEI-10%的充电比容量高达2249.1 mAh·g^(−1),容量保持率为82.54%,而电极Si@PVDF和Si@CMCNa的充电比容量分别为166.9和1430.3 mAh·g^(−1),容量保持率分别为10.86%和58.33%。此外,电极Si@C-PEI-10%表现出优异的倍率特性和可逆性,在1 C条件下的充电比容量仍有2030.5 mAh·g^(−1),明显优于电极Si@PVDF的16.7 mAh·g^(−1)和Si@CMC-Na的1477.3 mAh·g^(−1)。研究表明,通过阴离子和阳离子的静电相互作用原理制备的C-PEI-10%黏结剂具有优异的黏附强度,能显著提高硅电极的电池性能和电化学稳定性。Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium(CMC-Na),a derivative of cellulose,has attracted considerable attention in the field of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its environmental friendliness,wide range of raw material sources,and renewability.In this study,a cross-linked binder(C-PEI-10%)based on the electrostatic interaction between the anionic polysaccharide(CMC-Na)and cationic polymer polyethyleneimine(PEI)was prepared through a simple and efficient physical blending method.Compared with PVDF and CMC-Na,the binding strength,cycle stability,and electrochemical performance of C-PEI-10%with a three-dimensional(3D)cross-linking structure as a Si electrode binder for LIBs were studied.The Si electrode using C-PEI-10%as a binder exhibits excellent peel strength,with an average peel force of 2.42 N,superior to the two comparative electrodes Si@PVDF(0.57 N)and Si@CMC-Na(1.52 N).After cycling 100 times at a current density of 0.2 C,the charging specific capacity of the Si@CPEI-10%electrode is 2249.1 mAh·g^(−1),with a capacity retention rate of 82.54%,the charging specific capacities of Si@PVDF and Si@CMC-Na electrodes are 166.9 and 1430.3 mAh·g^(−1),respectively,with capacity retention rates of 10.86%and 58.33%.In addition,Si@C-PEI-10%electrode exhibits excellent rate performance and reversibility,with a charging specific capacity of 2030.5 mAh·g^(−1) at 1 C,better than 16.7 mAh·g^(−1)(Si@PVDF)and 1477.3 mAh·g^(−1)(Si@CMC-Na).The C-PEI-10%binder,prepared by the principle of electrostatic interaction between anions and cations,has excellent peel strength and can significantly improve the cycle performance and electrochemical stability of Si electrodes.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 硅 羧甲基纤维素钠 聚乙烯亚胺 黏结剂 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]