东盟协商规范与地区合作——基于东南亚无核武器区的考察  

ASEAN's Negotiation Norms and Regional Cooperation:A Study Based on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone

作　　者：陈子恒 CHEN Ziheng(School of International Relations, University of International Business and Economics)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际关系学院,北京100029

出　　处：《南洋问题研究》2025年第1期48-64,共17页Southeast Asian Affairs

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目“‘东盟中心’规范与中国—东盟命运共同体建设研究”(2024M760456);国家社会科学基金“研究阐释习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想”重大研究专项“习近平外交思想研究”(18VZT001)。

摘　　要：协商是东盟化解分歧、促成合作的重要规范。既有研究多从理性主义视角分析东盟协商的效力,缺乏对其发展脉络和规范内涵的考察。东盟协商规范具有注重领导人“私谊”、留存“面子”以及“低制度化”的特点,这些特点构成具有东南亚特色的决策模式。在东南亚无核武器区的创建过程中,东盟以协商规范为指导,运作其私谊网络,并在“面子”外交和“低制度”协商的作用下,有效调和了地区国家在与大国关系、成员资格以及地域界定等议题上的分歧,成功实现对核不扩散机制的本土化改造。东盟建立东南亚无核武器区的过程,体现出关系过程与地区合作良性互动的特点,是协商成员基于议题互惠,建立并深化人情关系,促成地区合作的过程实践。东盟协商规范的发展演化与具体实践,不仅显示了本地区国家在超越差异的基础上寻求共赢的合作思维,也体现出这一地区自我克制、互相尊重和高度负责的政治文化。在合作型安全文化持续遭受挑战、大国竞争阵营化倾向加剧的当下,东盟协商规范具有重要时代意义。Negotiation is an important norm for ASEAN in resolving differences and fostering cooperation.Existing studies predominantly analyze the effectiveness of ASEAN negotiation from a rationalist perspective,lacking an exploration of their development process and normative content.ASEAN's negotiation norms are characterized by an emphasis on leaders' “private friendships”,“face-saving”,and “low institutionalization”,which constitute a decision-making model with Southeast Asian features.In the process of establishing the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone(SEANWFZ),ASEAN was guided by negotiation norms,and was practicing its network of private friendship,“face-saving” diplomacy and “low-institutionalized” negotiation,thus effectively reconciling the differences among regional countries on issues such as relations with major powers,membership and territorial definitions of SEANWFZ,and finally succeeding in achieving the localization of the nuclear non-proliferation mechanism.The establishment of SEANWFZ is a process of negotiating members building and deepening interpersonal relationships based on issue reciprocity and leading to regional cooperation,reflecting the characteristics of a positive interaction between the relationship process and regional cooperation.The evolution and practice of ASEAN negotiation norms not only demonstrate the cooperative thinking of Southeast Asian countries to seek win-win results on the basis of transcending differences,but also reflect the political culture of self-restraint,mutual respect and high responsibility.In the current era,when cooperative security culture is continuing to face challenges and the trend of bloc-oriented in competition among major powers is becoming more and more obvious,ASEAN's negotiation norms hold significant contemporary relevance.

关 键 词：东盟 协商 国际规范 面子外交 东南亚无核武器区 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]