基于机器视觉的赏食百合物候期识别与栽培应用及花性状鉴定分析  

Phenological Recognition,Cultivation Application and Flower Trait Analysis of Ornamental and Edible Lilies Based on Machine Vision

作　　者：聂功平 陈敏敏[1] 张永春[1] 杨云尧 韩炘 杨贞 杨柳燕[1] NIE Gong-ping;CHEN Min-min;ZHANG Yong-chun;YANG Yun-yao;HAN Xin;YANG Zhen;YANG Liu-yan(Forestry and Pomology Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所/上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第4期22-31,共10页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目“加工型百合新种质选育与产业化关键技术研究”(沪农科推字〔2022〕第4-1号)。

摘　　要：通过试验确定赏食百合不同发育阶段的种球发育规律、影响因素、施肥配比等条件,收集物候期和花性状数据,通过机器视觉建立自动化识别模型,以期为赏食百合设施精准栽培奠定基础。结果显示:(1)苗期和蕾期百合消耗种球营养促进植株发育,种球发育停滞,花期和种球膨大期植株发育停滞,种球开始发育。(2)与百合种球膨大相关性较高的关键指标由大到小依次是种球膨大期种球重量、种球膨大期种球围径、苗期茎粗、苗期叶数、蕾期茎粗、花期种球重量、蕾期株高、蕾期叶数、种球膨大期种球纵径、花期种球围径。(3)大棚框栽、露天基质在百合苗期和蕾期施用20-20-20氮磷钾水溶肥,有助于提高苗期茎粗、苗期叶数、蕾期茎粗、蕾期叶数、蕾期株高;在花期和种球膨大期施用20-20-20、15-20-25水溶肥有助于提高种球围径和重量。(4)物候期识别模型训练结果显示,vgg11的损失值最小(0.168),精确度最高(0.933),模型最好;误差分析表明,除形状细长弯曲的花丝和柱头宽度测定误差较大,其他指标误差较小,可通过进一步优化应用于百合田间花性状表型调查。This study determined the developmental patterns,influencing factors and fertilization ratios of different developmental stages of ornamental and edible lilies through experiments.The phenological period and flower trait data were collected,and an automated recognition model was established through machine vision to establish a foundation for precise cultivation of ornamental and edible lilies in facilities.The results showed that:(1)During the seedling and bud stages of lilies,the consumption of bulb nutrients promoted plant development,while bulb development stagnated.During the flowering and decline stages,plant development stagnated,and bulbs began to develop.(2)The key indicators that are highly correlated with the swelling of lily bulbs are the weight of bulbs during the decline period,the diameter of bulbs during the decline period,the stem diameter during the seedling period,the number of leaves during the seedling period,the stem diameter during the bud period,the weight of bulbs during the flowering period,the plant height during the bud period,the number of leaves during the bud period,the longitudinal diameter of bulbs during the decline period,and the diameter of bulbs during the flowering period.(3)The application of 20-20-20 water-soluble fertilizer during the seedling and bud stages can increase stem thickness during the seedling stage,number of leaves during the seedling stage,stem thickness during the bud stage,number of leaves during the bud stage,and plant height during the bud stage.The application of 20-20-20 or 15-20-25 water-soluble fertilizer during the flowering and decline stages can increase the diameter and weight of the bulbs.(4)The training results of the phenological period recognition model show that vgg11 has the smallest train loss value of 0.168 and the highest accuracy value of 0.933,indicating that the model is the best.Through error analysis,it was shown that except for the measurement error of the width of the slender and curved filament and stigma,the error of other indica

关 键 词：赏食百合 物候期 种球栽培 观赏性状 机器视觉 

分 类 号：S682.2[农业科学—观赏园艺]