季节性干旱期稻田土壤水分衰减规律及影响机理  

Soil Moisture Attenuation and Its Influence Mechanism in Paddy Field during Seasonal Drought Period

作　　者：刘方平 冼婷婷 徐涛 杨士红[2] LIU Fang-ping;XIAN Ting-ting;XU Tao;YANG Shi-hong(Jiangxi Center Station of Irrigation Experiment,Nanchang 330201,China;Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省灌溉试验中心站,江西南昌330201 [2]河海大学,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第4期41-47,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西省“科技+水利”联合计划项目(2022KSG01002)。

摘　　要：在晚稻不同生育期设置非充分灌溉处理和正常灌溉处理,测定试验期间土壤含水率、日腾发量、气象因子数据,分析各生育期非充分灌溉下土壤水分、日腾发量的变化规律及其与土壤含水率和各气象因子的相关性,探究鄱阳湖流域季节性干旱期稻田土壤水分的衰减规律及其影响机理。结果表明:(1)非充分灌溉下,晚稻各生育期的土壤水分下降速率整体大于正常灌溉;土壤含水率日平均下降速率以分蘖前期最大,抽穗开花期最小。(2)晚稻各生育期的日腾发量均呈不规则波动变化状态,其中以分蘖前期最大,抽穗开花期最小;各生育期日腾发量平均值均小于正常灌溉。(3)晚稻各生育期日腾发量和土壤含水率均呈正相关关系,其中拔节孕穗前期呈极显著正相关性,表现为对缺水最为敏感,短期内缺水容易产生干旱;各生育期日腾发量与各气象因子的相关性表现不一致。The inadequate irrigation treatment and normal irrigation treatment were conducted at different growth stages of late rice.Soil moisture content,daily evapotranspiration and various meteorological factors were measured during the experiment,and the changes of soil moisture and daily evapotranspiration under inadequate irrigation at each growth stage and their correlation with soil moisture content and various meteorological factors were analyzed.soil moisture attenuation and its influence mechanism in paddy field in Poyang Lake basin during seasonal drought period.The results showed that:(1)Under inadequate irrigation,the decrease rate of soil moisture at different growth stages of late rice was greater than that under normal irrigation.The maximum daily average decrease rate of soil moisture content was in the early tillering period,and the minimum period was in the heading and flowering period.(2)The daily evapotranspiration of late rice fluctuated up and down irregularly,with the highest at the early tillering stage and the lowest at heading and flowering stage.In addition,the average daily evapotranspiration of each growth stage was lower than that of normal irrigation.(3)There was a positive correlation between daily evapotranspiration and soil moisture content at each growth stage,and the positive correlation was very significant at the early stage of jointing and booting,which was the most sensitive to water shortage,and was prone to drought in short term.The correlation between daily evapotranspiration and meteorological factors in each growth period was inconsistent.

关 键 词：晚稻 季节性干旱 非充分灌溉 土壤含水率 日腾发量 气象因子 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]