支链氨基酸安全剂对甲氧咪草烟喷施水稻的缓解机制  

Mechanism of Branched Chain Amino Acid Safety Agent in Alleviating Imazamox Damage of Rice

作　　者：曹悦 李霞[1,2,3] 李雨欣 王芳权 蒋彦婕[2,3] 陶亚军 杨杰[2,3] CAO Yue;LI Xia;LI Yu-xin;WANG Fang-quan;JIANG Yan-jie;TAO Ya-jun;YANG Jie(College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所生物育种钟山实验室/农业农村部淮河下游种质创新重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [3]江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第4期53-61,共9页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(23)1001];江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)(BE2021359);国家自然科学基金项目(31571585);江苏省种业创新“揭榜挂帅”项目[JBGS(2021)038、JBGS(2021)039]。

摘　　要：选取了ALS位点突变和未突变的不同水稻品种(系),筛选出对甲氧咪草烟具有抗性差异的水稻品种(系)及其相应的作用浓度,并进一步以缬氨酸(Val)、亮氨酸(Leu)和异亮氨酸(Ile)这3种支链氨基酸复配作为安全剂,在此基础上复配了对植物生长和抗性有广谱效果的碧护和芸苔素内酯,分析了甲氧咪草烟对水稻造成的药害及防护剂的修复效果,以及支链氨基酸安全剂对不同水稻材料经甲氧咪草烟处理后的生长发育、ALS酶活性、内源抗氧化酶和解毒酶活性的变化。结果表明:敏感品种南粳9108耐受甲氧咪草烟浓度不超过28.8 g a.i./hm^(2),具有ALS突变位点的抗性水稻品种(金粳818、73119、K37)均对浓度不超过144.0g a.i./hm^(2)的甲氧咪草烟具有抗性;3种支链氨基酸安全剂组分和配比均对植株鲜重具有显著的缓解作用,其中以Leu∶Ile∶Val=3∶1∶1的缓解效果最好,即联合喷施1125 g/hm^(2)支链氨基酸(675 g/hm^(2)L-Leu∶225 g/hm^(2)L-Ile∶225 g/hm^(2)L-Val=3∶1∶1)可以显著地缓解100.0 g a.i./hm^(2)甲氧咪草烟对K37的生长抑制作用;与常用安全剂碧护或芸苔素内酯复配的安全剂相比,复配支链氨基酸安全剂的效果更好,5叶期比4叶期喷施的解毒效果则更好,不影响除杀杂草稻的效果。复配的支链氨基酸安全剂对缓解水稻甲氧咪草烟的药害机制并不是提高了靶标ALS酶活性,而是它可以诱导水稻内源解毒关键酶和抗氧化酶活性的增加。因此,通过混用或药害产生后在水稻5叶期追施上述复配的支链氨基酸安全剂,能够有效缓解甲氧咪草烟对不同抗性类型水稻的药害,使其恢复正常或接近正常的生长水平,且不影响对杂草稻的毒杀。Different rice varieties(lines)with and without ALS mutation were selected as materials to select rice varieties(lines)with different resistance to imazamox and the corresponding working concentration.Then three amino acids(valine,leucine and isoleucine)were mixed as protective agent.On this basis,Bihu and brassinolide,which has a broad spectrum effect on plant growth and resistance,were mixed as protective agent Bihu.The degree of damage caused by imazamox to rice and the repair effect of protective agent were compared.Finally,the effects of protective agent on the growth,antioxidant enzyme,detoxification enzyme and acetolactate synthase(ALS)enzyme activities in different rice materials treated with imazamox were determined,in order to reveal the mechanism of the branched chain amino acid safety agent in alleviating the imazamox damage of different rice varieties.The results showed that sensitive varieties such as Nanjing 9108 are tolerant to a concentration of no more than 28.8 g a.i./hm^(2)of imazamox,and resistant rice ones such as Jinjing 811,73119 and K37 with ALS mutation sites are resistant to a dose of 144.0 g a.i./hm^(2)of imazamox.According to the fresh weight of the treated plants,the three components and ratios of branched chain amino acid safety agent all showed significant alleviating effects on the harm of imazamox in rice,among which the best alleviating effect was achieved when leucine:isoleucine:valine=3∶1∶1,that is,when combined with 1125 g/hm^(2)of branched chain amino acids,675 g/hm^(2)of L-leucine∶225 g/hm^(2)of L-isoleucine∶225 g/hm^(2)of L-valine=3∶1∶1,which can significantly alleviate the inhibition of growth of K37 by 100.0 g a.i./hm^(2)of imazamox.Compared with the commonly used safety agents such as Bihu or brassinolide,the branched chain amino acid safety agent had a better effect.Furthermore,compared to the 4-leaf stage,the detoxification effect of spraying on the 5-leaf stage of rice was better,and it did not affect the effectiveness of killing the weedy rice.The main p

关 键 词：水稻 杂草稻 甲氧咪草烟 耐咪唑啉酮类除草剂 支链氨基酸安全剂 药害 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]