非生物胁迫对水稻根系形态和生理的影响  

Effects of Abiotic Stress on Root Morphology and Physiology of Rice

作　　者：胡娟[1,2] 潘朝阳 张丽婷 王石光 陆展华 刘维 陈苗[2] 何秀英 HU Juan;PAN Zhao-yang;ZHANG Li-ting;WANG Shi-guang;LU Zhan-hua;LIU Wei;CHEN Miao;HE Xiu-ying(College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High-quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Rice Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种重点实验室(部省共建)/广东省水稻科学技术重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第4期69-77,88,共10页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系专项(2023KJ105);广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B0202090003);广东省科技计划项目—科技创新平台类(2023B1212060042)。

摘　　要：根系作为吸收水分和养分的关键器官,其形态和生理特征影响着水稻的正常生长。在水稻生长过程中,根系是受到环境非生物胁迫的首要部位。通过分析盐碱、水分、温度及重金属等非生物胁迫因素对水稻根系形态结构、生理功能和产量的影响,结合栽培技术及抗性基因的应用,概述了应对逆境条件的栽培方式及抗逆品种的选育进展,为提升水稻抗逆性提供了理论依据和实践参考。在未来的研究中,将进一步探讨如何利用育种和栽培技术来应对水稻逆境胁迫,并提高水稻根系抗逆性。Roots are key organs for absorbing water and nutrients,and their morphology and physiological characteristics affect the growth and yield of rice.During the growth process,Root is the primary location exposed to abiotic stress from the environment.This article mainly summarized the effects of abiotic stress types such as salinity-alkalinity,water,temperature,and heavy metals on the root morphological structure,physiological function and yield of rice.Combined with the application of cultivation techniques and resistance genes,the cultivation methods for coping with stress conditions and the progress of breeding resistant varieties were summarized,which can provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for enhancing the stress resistance of rice.In future research,further efforts will be made to explore how breeding and cultivation techniques can be used to cope with rice adverse stress and enhance root resistance.

关 键 词：水稻 根系 非生物胁迫 根系结构 形态生理 抗性基因 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]