蒙古栎不同种源苗期形态及生理性状变异  

Variation in Seedling Morphological and Physiological Traits among Different Provenances of Quercus mongolica

作　　者：张同 兴李昕蔓 张欢[1] 周苗苗 赵津 杨敏生[3] 王进茂[3] 李云[4] Zhang Tongxing;Li Xinman;Zhang Huan;Zhou Miaomiao;Zhao Jin;Yang Minsheng;Wang Jinmao;Li Yun(Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Germplasm Resources and Forest Protection of Hebei Province(Hebei Agricultural University),Baoding 071000,P.R.China;Hongyashan State-Owned Forest Farm;Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Germplasm Resources and Forest Protection of Hebei Province(Hebei Agricultural University);State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Beijing Forestry University))

机构地区：[1]林木种质资源与森林保护河北省重点实验室(河北农业大学),保定071000 [2]河北洪崖山国有林场 [3]林木种质资源与森林保护河北省重点实验室(河北农业大学) [4]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(北京林业大学)

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第6期1-9,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2021YFD2200302);国家林业和草原局科技发展中心生物安全与遗传资源管理专项经费项目(KJZXSA20220×)。

摘　　要：为探究蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)不同种源群体差异的形成机制,以河北、河南、山东、辽宁、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林7省的15个蒙古栎种源地收集的子代群体为研究对象,从形态及生理层面开展蒙古栎种质资源遗传多样性评价。结果表明:蒙古栎不同种源间的9个形态性状(株高、地径、高径比、长宽比、叶面积、树冠投影面积、叶片形状系数、叶缘因子、锯齿数量)及9个生理性状(叶片含水量、比叶面积、比叶质量、叶绿素总质量分数、w(叶绿素a)∶w(叶绿素b)、可溶性糖质量分数、可溶性蛋白质量分数、脱落酸(ABA)质量分数、乙烯质量分数)基本存在显著差异。各性状的遗传变异系数为0.66%~49.63%,其中,锯齿数量的遗传变异系数最大,高径比的遗传变异系数最小。聚类分析显示,张家口种源的平均株高、地径、树冠投影面积最大,说明其生长势相对较好,但该种源叶片最小;通化、三门峡、铁岭种源的叶片含水量及比叶面积最大,光合色素、乙烯、ABA质量分数最少。不同种源蒙古栎的生理性状受地理环境、气候、土壤等条件的影响较大,且其与种源间地理分布的相关性较高。蒙古栎通过表型和生理性状变化,以协调自身生长发育与环境之间的关系,其显示出较强的抗逆性和环境适应性。蒙古栎株高受温度及经纬度影响较大;叶缘因子与经纬度呈正相关;叶片形状系数与年相对湿度呈正相关;ABA质量分数随纬度的增加而增加。To explore the formation mechanisms of population differences among different provenances of Quercus mongolica,progeny groups collected from 15 provenances across seven provinces(Hebei,Henan,Shandong,Liaoning,Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,and Jilin)were studied.The genetic diversity of Q.mongolica germplasm resources was evaluated from morphological and physiological perspectives.The results showed significant differences in nine morphological traits(plant height,ground diameter,height-to-diameter ratio,leaf length-to-width ratio,leaf area,crown projection area,leaf shape coefficient,leaf margin factor,and serration number)and nine physiological traits(leaf water content,specific leaf area,specific leaf mass,total chlorophyll content,chlorophyll a-to-b ratio,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,abscisic acid(ABA)content,and ethylene content)among different provenances.The genetic variation coefficients of these traits ranged from 0.66%to 49.63%,with serration number showing the highest genetic variation and height-to-diameter ratio showing the lowest.Cluster analysis revealed that the Zhangjiakou provenance had the largest average plant height,ground diameter,and crown projection area,indicating relatively better growth potential,although its leaves were the smallest.The Tonghua,Sanmenxia,and Tieling provenances had the highest leaf water content and specific leaf area but the lowest photosynthetic pigment,ethylene,and ABA contents.The physiological traits of Q.mongolica from different provenances were significantly influenced by geographic environment,climate,and soil conditions,showing high correlations with the geographic distribution of the provenances.Q.mongolica adapts to environmental conditions through changes in phenotypic and physiological traits,demonstrating strong stress resistance and environmental adaptability.Plant height was significantly influenced by temperature,latitude,and longitude.The leaf margin factor was positively correlated with latitude and longitude.The leaf shape coefficient

关 键 词：蒙古栎 种源 形态性状 生理性状 性状变异 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]