尾叶桉不同家系间生长和形质性状的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Growth and Morphological Traits among Different Families of Eucalyptus urophylla

作　　者：王雨欣 刘德浩[2] 朱报著[3] 廖焕琴 徐放[3] 张卫华[3] Wang Yuxin;Liu Dehao;Zhu Baozhu;Liao Huanqin;Xu Fang;Zhang Weihua(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Northeast Forestry University),Harbin 150040,P.R.China;Institute of Huizhou Forestry Research;Guangdong Academy of Forestry)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040 [2]惠州市林业科学研究所 [3]广东省林业科学研究院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第6期10-16,24,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32271918)。

摘　　要：为选育尾叶桉优良家系用材良种,以161个尾叶桉家系2.5年生试验林为研究对象,对尾叶桉不同家系间生长和形质性状进行遗传变异分析、主成分分析、相关性分析和聚类分析,筛选出生长优良的家系。结果表明:变异系数最大的是干形,变异系数为50.88%,变异系数最小的是尖削度,变异系数为8.16%,说明干形在群体中变异更为丰富,尖削度在群体中较为稳定。方差分析结果表明,树高、胸径、地径、尖削度、树皮厚度性状在家系间差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);材积、分枝高度、分枝角度性状在家系间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),表明这些性状在不同家系间差异较大。在方差分析的基础上进行遗传参数估算,家系遗传力为0.054~0.661,单株遗传力为0.014~0.435。此外,尾叶桉不同家系间树高、胸径、材积间呈极显著正相关,干形与地径、4 m处直径、材积、胸径呈显著负相关,可以认为干形与地径、4 m处直径、材积、胸径之间的分配是竞争关系。主成分分析结果保留了3个主成分,累计方差贡献率达到了85%,保留了性状绝大部分信息。采用布雷金多性状综合评定法对161个不同家系的尾叶桉进行综合评价和选择,以20%的入选率对家系进行筛选,共筛选出32个家系。聚类分析将161个家系分为3类,分类结果与布雷金多性状综合评定的分析结果基本一致,证实了此次分析结果的可信度,入选的尾叶桉家系可为良种生产提供基础材料。To select superior timber varieties of Eucalyptus urophylla families,a 2.5-year-old experimental forest consisting of 161 E.urophylla families was used as the research object.Genetic variation analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis were conducted on the growth and morphological traits among different families of E.urophylla to screen out families with excellent growth.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of stem form was the largest,reaching 50.88%,while that of taper was the smallest,at 8.16%.This indicates that there is more abundant variation in stem form within the population,and taper is relatively stable.The results of analysis of variance(ANOVA)showed that the differences in tree height,diameter at breast height(DBH),ground diameter,taper,and bark thickness among families reached a significant level(P<0.05),the differences in volume,branch height,and branch angle among families reached a highly significant level(P<0.01),indicating that these traits vary greatly among different families.Based on the ANOVA,genetic parameters were estimated.The family heritability ranged from 0.054 to 0.661,and the individual heritability ranged from 0.014 to 0.435.In addition,there was a highly significant positive correlation among tree height,DBH,and volume among different families of E.urophylla.There was a significant negative correlation between stem form and ground diameter,diameter at 4 m height,volume,and DBH.It can be considered that there is a competitive relationship in the allocation between stem form and ground diameter,diameter at 4 m height,volume,and DBH.The principal component analysis retained three principal components,with the cumulative variance contribution rate reaching 85%,which retained most of the information of the traits.The Breedgen’s multi-trait comprehensive evaluation method was used to comprehensively evaluate and select 161 different families of E.urophylla.With a selection rate of 20%,a total of 32 families were screened out.The clu

关 键 词：尾叶桉 家系 生长性状 形质性状 遗传变异 综合评价 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]