刺叶锦鸡儿表型变异及优良单株筛选  

Phenotypic Variation of Caragana acanthophylla and Screening of Superior Individual Plants

作　　者：毕浩杰 黄俊华[1] 张亚菲[1] 王亚军 郭芮奇 Bi Haojie;Huang Junhua;Zhang Yafei;Wang Yajun;Guo Ruiqi(Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第6期17-24,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：2023年新疆维吾尔自治区财政林草科技项目(XJLYKJ-2023-15)。

摘　　要：为研究刺叶锦鸡儿(Caragana acanthophylla Kom.)天然居群的表型变异规律及优良单株筛选方法,加强对刺叶锦鸡儿种质资源的利用,以乌鲁木齐及周边地区刺叶锦鸡儿天然居群为研究对象,对其表型性状及其相关性进行分析。同时,结合主成分分析、多维空间坐标综合评定值累加法、模糊隶属函数法进行优良单株选择。结果表明:参试单株间株高、东西冠幅、南北冠幅、花量、刺量、叶量、果量、虫食率的变异系数(CV)较大,分别为33.48%、51.09%、48.27%、54.92%、48.50%、45.32%、57.55%、55.04%;荚果长度的变异系数最小,仅为9.49%。除果量在居群间有显著差异外,其余性状在居群间均呈极显著差异(P<0.01)。相关性分析表明,冠幅随株高增大而增大;株高越高,枝条颜色越鲜艳,冠型越松散;花量随刺量增大而增大,叶量随刺量增多而减少;果量随花量增多而增多;荚果结实量随虫食率增大而增大。主成分分析将16个性状转化为9个主成分,分别为形态因子(F_(1))、荚果因子(F_(2))、产量因子(F_(3))、刺长因子(F_(4))、枝条颜色与冠型因子(F_(5))、叶量因子(F_(6))、花长因子(F_(7))、叶面积因子(F_(8))、虫害因子(F_(9)),9个主成分代表了16个表型性状信息总量的80.337%。利用主成分分析选择植株形态高、产量大、少刺、短刺、繁茂且无虫害型优株,分别为bnh-1-1、bnh-1-2、bnh-1-10、bnh-1-8、bnh-2-17、fqw-1-17、fqw-1-11、fqw-1-10、fqw-1-14、fqw3-2、fqw3-3、fqw3-11、ysg1-1-1、ysg1-1-3、ysg1-1-4、srg2-2-15。结合3种方法选择的综合型优株,其结果均较接近。To study the phenotypic variation pattern of the natural populations of Caragana acanthophylla Kom.and the screening method of superior individual plants,and to strengthen the utilization of the germplasm resources of C.acanthophylla,the natural populations of C.acanthophylla in Urumqi and its surrounding areas were taken as the research objects.The phenotypic traits and the correlations were also analyzed.At the same time,superior individual plants were selected by combining principal component analysis,the cumulative addition method of comprehensive evaluation values in multi-dimensional space coordinates,and the fuzzy membership function method.The results showed that the coefficient of variation(CV)of plant height,crown width in the east-west direction,crown width in the north-south direction,flower quantity,thorn quantity,leaf quantity,fruit quantity,and insect damage rate among the tested individual plants was relatively large,which were 33.48%,51.09%,48.27%,54.92%,48.50%,45.32%,57.55%,and 55.04%respectively.The coefficient of variation of pod length was the smallest,only 9.49%.Except for the significant difference in fruit quantity among populations,the other traits showed extremely significant differences among populations(P<0.01).The correlation analysis showed that the crown width increased with the increase of plant height.The higher the plant height,the brighter the branch color and the looser the crown shape.The flower quantity increased with the increase of thorn quantity,and the leaf quantity decreased with the increase of thorn quantity.The fruit quantity increased with the increase of flower quantity.The pod setting quantity increased with the increase of the insect damage rate.Principal component analysis transformed 16 traits into 9 principal components,namely the morphological factor(F_(1)),pod factor(F_(2)),yield factor(F_(3)),thorn length factor(F_(4)),branch color and crown shape factor(F_(5)),leaf quantity factor(F 6),flower length factor(F_(7)),leaf area factor(F_(8)),and insect damage fa

关 键 词：刺叶锦鸡儿 表型性状 优良单株 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]