相对状态下对农田防护林林网结构的评估与应用  

Evaluation and Application of the Structure of Farmland Shelter Forest Network under Relative Conditions

作　　者：王甲正 周羽璇 张艳红[1] 张梦琦 谭兆辰 Wang Jiazheng;Zhou Yuxuan;Zhang Yanhong;Zhang Mengqi;Tan Zhaochen(Jilin University,Changchun 130021,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,长春130021

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第6期44-50,68,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：吉林大学大学生创新创业项目(X20241018328)。

摘　　要：为了实现从时空角度对防护林网空间结构和林龄结构的科学评价,以长春市北部防护林典型区为试验对象,引入相对状态的概念,在空间上和变化上,建立理想条件下防护林网空间构型作为参照基准,应用景观指数中的带斑比、连接度和优势度作为评价指标并计算研究区整体与分割格网的距离系数,从而设计一种新的农田防护林林网空间结构的评价方法。在时间变化上,选出平均年防护林数据作为参照基准,提出相对林龄结构概念,并对林龄结构进行评估和分析。结果表明:(1)在研究区整体农田防护林网带斑比和优势度的距离系数自1990-2020年呈下降趋势,连接度的距离系数则有增加的趋势;(2)研究区南部地区防护林网带斑度结构较好,而北部地区优势度结构较好,整体连接度较好,格网总体各景观指数大多呈波动变化;(3)测试区农田防护林面积逐渐增加,但增种的农田防护林比例较小且多为原防护林的补充。为防护林网快速监测与评价提供重要科学评价方法。In order to scientifically evaluate the spatial structure and forest age structure of the shelter forest network from the perspective of time and space, taking the typical area of the shelter forest in the northern part of Changchun City as the experimental object, the concept of relative state was introduced. In terms of spatial and changes, the spatial configuration of the shelter forest network under ideal conditions was established as a reference benchmark. The strip-patch ratio, connectivity, and dominance in landscape indices were applied as evaluation indicators, and the distance coefficients of the whole study area and the segmented grids were calculated, so as to design a new evaluation method for the spatial structure of the farmland shelter forest network. In terms of temporal changes, the average annual data of the shelter forest were selected as the reference benchmark, the concept of relative forest age structure was proposed, and the forest age structure was evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) From 1990 to 2020, the distance coefficients of the strip-patch ratio and dominance of the overall farmland shelter forest network in the study area showed a downward trend, while the distance coefficient of connectivity showed an increasing trend. (2) The strip-patch structure of the shelter forest network in the southern region of the study area was relatively good, while the dominance structure in the northern region was relatively good, and the overall connectivity was good. Most of the landscape indices of the grids generally showed fluctuating changes. (3) The area of the farmland shelter forest in the test area gradually increased, but the proportion of newly planted farmland shelter forests was small and mostly supplemented the original shelter forests. This provides an important scientific evaluation method for the rapid monitoring and evaluation of the shelter forest network.

关 键 词：林网结构 林龄结构 相对林龄 景观指数 距离系数 

分 类 号：S76[农业科学—森林保护学]