凋落物输入方式和深度对土壤团聚体及有机碳组分的影响  

Effects of Litter Input Methods and Depths on Soil Aggregates and Organic Carbon Fractions

作　　者：赵妍 巴威 王海乐 高燕[2] 韩艺杰 孙向阳[2] Zhao Yan;Ba Wei;Wang Haile;Gao Yan;Han Yijie;Sun Xiangyang(Liuhezhuang Forest Farm,Daxing District,Beijing 102629,P.R.China;Beijing Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区六合庄林场,北京102629 [2]北京林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第6期123-130,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：北京市大兴区六合庄林场单位委托项目(2023HXFWLXY020)。

摘　　要：2023年12月份,在北京市大兴区永定河旁的六合庄林场内,以悬铃木(Platanus orientalis L.)人工林林下砂土为研究对象,以悬铃木当年凋落的叶片为试验材料,设计双因素双水平的完全随机区组试验,双因素为输入方式(直接输入和混土输入)、输入深度(20、40 cm);试验设计5种方案,按照凋落物输入量和土壤体积比为1∶1进行输入(凋落物与0~20 cm土壤混施、凋落物与0~40 cm土壤混施)、10~20 cm深处设置10 cm厚凋落物层、30~40 cm深处设置10 cm厚凋落物层、无凋落物输入作为对照,每种处理设置3块试验小区,设置3个试验区组,并以完全随机数排列试验5个小区,共设置15个试验小区;在试验开展6个月后(2024年6月份),在试验小区内按土层深度0~20、20~40 cm,用土钻法采集原状土壤样品、环刀法采取未受干扰的土壤样品,测定土壤结构性指标、土壤有机碳及其组分、土壤理化指标,采用单因素方差分析法(ANOVA)、最小显著性差异法(LSD)分析凋落物不同输入方式和填埋深度对土壤结构和有机碳组分的影响。结果表明:凋落物添加增强了土壤团聚体稳定性和增大了表层土壤的团聚体平均质量直径、团聚体几何平均直径,显著提高土壤有机质质量分数(P<0.05),尤其是粗颗粒有机碳质量分数;而细颗粒有机碳和矿物结合有机碳质量分数则无显著性变化。土壤团聚体稳定性与土壤有机碳质量分数呈正相关;说明凋落物输入,通过提高土壤团聚体的稳定性可以促进土壤有机碳的积累,人为调控凋落物的输入方式对砂土土壤结构和土壤有机碳质量分数均有一定提升。凋落物粉碎混施,对土壤的改良效果最好,在提升砂土表层和深层土壤团聚体结构稳定性以及土壤有机碳质量分数均显著,适用于生产实践。In December 2023,a two-factor,two-level completely randomized block experiment was conducted in the Lihezhuang Forest Farm located near the Yongding River in Daxing District,Beijing.The study focused on sandy soil under a Platanus orientalis L.plantation,using freshly fallen leaves of P.orientalis as the experimental material.The two factors were input methods(direct input and mixed soil input)and input depths(20 cm and 40 cm).Five experimental treatments were designed based on a litter-to-soil volume ratio of 1∶1:litter mixed with 0-20 cm soil,litter mixed with 0-40 cm soil,a 10 cm thick litter layer placed at 10-20 cm depth,a 10 cm thick litter layer placed at 30-40 cm depth,and a control with no litter input.Each treatment was replicated in three experimental plots,with three experimental blocks,and the five treatments were arranged completely randomly within each block,resulting in a total of 15 experimental plots.Six months after the experiment began(June 2024),undisturbed soil samples were collected by soil drilling method according to soil depth of 0-20 and 20-40 cm in the experimental plot,undisturbed soil samples were taken by ring knife method.Soil structural indicators,soil organic carbon and its fractions,and soil physicochemical properties were measured.One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and the least significant difference(LSD)method were used to analyze the effects of different litter input methods and burial depths on soil structure and organic carbon fractions.The results showed that litter addition enhanced soil aggregate stability,increased the mean weight diameter(MWD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)of surface soil aggregates,and significantly improved the mass fraction of soil organic matter(P<0.05),particularly the coarse particulate organic carbon fraction.However,no significant changes were observed in the fine particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon fractions.Soil aggregate stability was positively correlated with the mass fraction of soil organic carbon,indicat

关 键 词：凋落物添加 砂土改良 土壤团聚体 土壤有机碳 颗粒有机碳 矿物结合有机碳 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S714.6