杨树凋落物堆肥进程中理化性质及微生物群落结构变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Community Structure during the Composting Process of Populus Litter

作　　者：解雨欣 吴彭冰 邢誉鹤 郑俊言 刘骞[1] Xie Yuxin;Wu Pengbing;Xing Yuhe;Zheng Junyan;Liu Qian(Changchun University,Changchun 130022,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]长春大学,长春130022

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第6期131-146,共16页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金面上项目(20240101037JC);长春大学攀登计划项目(ZKP202202);长春大学园林废弃物资源化利用横向课题(2024JBH27L87)。

摘　　要：为探究北方绿化凋落物在堆肥进程中理化性质及微生物群落结构的变化特征,以杨树(Populus)凋落物为研究对象,设置不同碳氮比的凋落物堆体,即m(C)∶m(N)分别为20∶1(YA)、30∶1(YB)、40∶1(YC),分析堆肥进程中堆体养分质量分数变化特征及其对微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明,三种处理的堆体温度均达到50℃以上,其中,YB处理下高温持续时间最长,种子发芽指数达88.56%。堆肥49 d后,YB处理对有机碳(OC)降解率高达38.4%,且该处理时全氮(TN)、全钾(TK)、有效磷(AP)质量分数的增加量最多,分别增加了25.7%、60.9%、38.9%。堆肥进程中,全磷(TP)质量分数增加量由高到低依次为YC、YA、YB处理,碱解氮(AN)、速效钾(AK)质量分数增加量由高到低依次为YA、YB、YC处理。腐熟期时,YB处理下的细菌群落优势菌门(变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes))的相对丰度较初始期显著增加;YB处理下的真菌群落优势菌门(子囊菌门(Ascomycota))相对丰度显著高于YA、YC处理,优势菌属(曲霉菌属(Aspergillus))较初始期增长了90.7%。高温期时,YA、YC处理下的细菌群落结构丰度及多样性均增高,YB处理的均降低,各堆体真菌群落结构的丰度及多样性均有所下降。YB处理时,腐熟期的细菌群落结构与初始期的差距较为显著。In order to explore the variation characteristics of the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of greening litter in northern regions during the composting process,Populus litter was taken as the research object,and litter composting piles with different carbon-nitrogen ratios were set up,that is,the m(C)∶m(N)ratios were 20∶1(YA),30∶1(YB),and 40∶1(YC)respectively.The variation characteristics of the nutrient mass fractions in the composting piles during the composting process and their impacts on the microbial community structure were analyzed.The results showed that the temperatures of the composting piles in the three treatments all reached above 50℃.Among them,the high-temperature duration under the YB treatment was the longest,and the seed germination index reached 88.56%.After 49 days of composting,the degradation rate of organic carbon(OC)under the YB treatment was as high as 38.4%,and the increments of the mass fractions of total nitrogen(TN),total potassium(TK),and available phosphorus(AP)were the largest under this treatment,increasing by 25.7%,60.9%,and 38.9%respectively.During the composting process,the increments of the mass fraction of total phosphorus(TP)from high to low were YC,YA,and YB in sequence,and the increments of the mass fractions of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN)and available potassium(AK)from high to low were YA,YB,and YC in sequence.At the maturity stage,the relative abundances of the dominant bacterial phyla(Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,Firmicutes)in the bacterial community under the YB treatment increased significantly compared with those at the initial stage.The relative abundance of the dominant fungal phylum(Ascomycota)in the fungal community under the YB treatment was significantly higher than those under the YA and YC treatments,and the relative abundance of the dominant fungal genus(Aspergillus)increased by 90.7%compared with that at the initial stage.During the high-temperature stage,the abundances and diversities of the bacterial community str

关 键 词：杨树凋落物 堆肥 微生物群落 功能预测 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]