养老机构认知衰弱老年人运动干预方案的构建及应用  

Development and implementation of an exercise intervention program for older adults with cognitive frailty living in integrated medical and elderly care institutions

作　　者：刘佳 羊彩虹 廖雅柔 姚旭 窦姗姗 吴星 Liu Jia;Yang Caihong;Liao Yarou;Yao Xu;Dou Shanshan;Wu Xing(School of Nursing,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学护理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]惠州市第六人民医院 [3]新疆医科大学第七附属医院 [4]新疆区域人群疾病与健康照护研究中心

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第8期99-104,共6页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划项目(TSYC202301A054)。

摘　　要：目的探讨医养结合型养老机构认知衰弱老年人运动干预方案的应用效果。方法以能力-机会-动机-行为(COM-B)模型为指导,证据总结为基础,通过2轮德尔菲专家函询形成医养结合型养老机构认知衰弱老年人运动干预方案。选取新疆维吾尔自治区2所医养结合型养老机构认知衰弱老年人,按照居住的养老机构分为对照组和干预组各32人。对照组按照养老机构常规实施生活照料及文体活动,干预组在此基础上实施运动干预方案,干预12周。结果两组各27人完成研究。干预后两组衰弱、认知功能、生活质量、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、躯体功能评分比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论实施医养结合型养老机构认知衰弱老年人运动干预,可有效改善老年人衰弱状况、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量,提升认知功能、躯体能力和生活质量。Objective To explore the effectiveness of an exercise intervention program for older adults with cognitive frailty living in the integrated medical and elderly care institutions.Methods According to the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior(COM-B)model and evidence summary of exercise in the elderly,an exercise intervention program for older adults with cognitive frailty living in the integrated medical and elderly care institutions was developed through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation.Then two integrated medical and elderly care institutions were selected and assigned to two groups.Older adults in one institution were treated as the control group(n=32)and were given routine daily living care and recreational and sports activities,their counterparts(n=32)living in the other institution additionally received the exercise intervention program for 12 weeks.Results Twenty-seven participants in both groups completed the study.There were significant differences in the scores of physical frailty,cognitive function,quality of life,anxiety,quality of sleep,and physical performance between the two groups immediately following the intervention(all P<0.05).Conclusion Implementation of exercise intervention program for older adults with cognitive frailty living in the integrated medical and elderly care institutions can effectively ameliorate their physical frailty status and anxiety,as well as enhance quality of sleep,cognitive function,physical performance,and quality of life.

关 键 词：老年人 养老机构 认知衰弱 运动 认知功能 焦虑 睡眠质量 老年护理 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]