轻度认知障碍老年人疾病感知的描述性质性研究  

Illness perceptions in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment:a descriptive qualitative study

作　　者：李棋 苏红 郭温馨 陈宇斌 张灵慧 周郁秋[1,2] Li Qi;Su Hong;Guo Wenxin;Chen Yubin;Zhang Linghui;Zhou Yuqiu(Nursing School of Harbin Medical University,Daqing 163000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学护理学院,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]湖州师范学院医学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第8期109-113,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72304078);黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LH2022G015)。

摘　　要：目的探索轻度认知障碍老年人疾病感知特征,为制订早期诊断和干预策略提供依据。方法以自我调节常识模型为理论框架,采用描述性质性研究设计,通过目的抽样法选取15名轻度认知障碍老年人进行半结构式访谈;运用定向内容分析法分析访谈资料。结果共提炼7个主题(症状识别、疾病发生的原因、疾病的时间线、疾病的影响、疾病的治疗控制、疾病一致性、疾病的情绪表征)和15个亚主题。结论轻度认知障碍老年人缺乏对认知障碍的正确认知且存在负性感知。医护人员应重视轻度认知障碍老年人疾病感知问题并制订针对性的干预策略,以延缓或逆转其认知功能衰退的进展。Objective To explore the illness perception characteristics in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),and to provide reference for developing early detection and intervention strategies.Methods Using the Common-Sense Model of Self-regulation as theoretical framework,a descriptive qualitative study design was adopted.A purposive sample of 15 elderly individuals with MCI were recruited and received semi-structured interviews.Data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis.Results Seven themes and fifteen subthemes were identified:symptom identity,causes of illness,illness timeline,illness impact,cure and control,illness consistency,and emotional representation.Conclusion The illness perception in older people with MCI is generally insufficient,and there are some misunderstandings and negative perceptions.Healthcare professionals should pay attention to this issue and develop targeted intervention strategies to delay or reverse the progression of cognitive decline.

关 键 词：老年人 轻度认知障碍 疾病感知 自我调节常识模型 认知功能 痴呆 质性研究 老年护理 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]