194份小麦品种(系)抗条锈性和白粉性评价及抗病基因检测  

Evaluation of resistance and detection of resistance gene(s)to stripe rust and powdery mildew of 194 wheat cultivars(lines)in China

作　　者：杨迪 李岩佳 蔡奇昌 黄洁 李莹 王保通[1] 龙书生[1] 李强[1] YANG Di;LI Yanjia;CAI Qichang;HUANG Jie;LI Ying;WANG Baotong;LONG Shusheng;LI Qiang(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2025年第2期261-269,共9页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1401000)。

摘　　要：条锈病和白粉病是世界范围内小麦上的重要病害,培育和种植抗病品种是防治病害最经济有效的方法。为明确我国小麦条锈病主要流行区陕西、甘肃、四川、青海等地小麦主栽和区试品种对条锈病和白粉病的抗性水平及抗性基因的分布,分别利用小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,Pst)和小麦白粉菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici,Bgt)流行小种对194份小麦品种(系)进行苗期及成株期抗病性鉴定,结果表明,苗期有81份(41.80%)小麦材料对Pst混合小种表现抗性,33份(17.00%)对Bgt混合小种表现抗性;成株期分别有137份(70.60%)及111份(57.20%)小麦材料对Pst和Bgt混合小种表现抗性。利用Genotyping by Targeted Sequencing(GBTS)液相芯片技术对194份小麦材料进行分子检测,结果显示,携带Yr17、Yr26、Yr29、Yr30、Yr75、Yr78、Yr80、Yr82、YrAK58、YrSP和Pm21基因的材料分别有16、9、68、62、31、88、3、5、16、9和1份,携带QYrsn.nwafu-1BL、QYrsn.nwafu-2AS、QYrqin.nwafu-2AL、QYrhm.nwafu-2BC、QYrsn.nwafu-3DL、QYr.nwafu-4BL、QYrsn.nwafu-6BS等抗条锈QTL位点的材料分别有85、30、145、47、8、78和89份,未检测到Yr18、Pm2a、Pm5e和PmV抗性基因。本研究为小麦抗病育种及抗病基因的合理布局提供了理论依据。Stripe rust and powdery mildew are two important diseases on wheat worldwide,breeding and gro-wing resistant cultivars is the most economical and effective method to control these diseases.To determine the level of resistance and distribution of resistance genes in commercial wheat cultivars and regional trial lines to stripe rust and powdery mildew in stripe rust and powdery mildew main epidemic areas Shaanxi,Gansu,Sichuan,and Qinghai in China,194 wheat cultivars(lines)were inoculated with the Chinese prevalent Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst)and Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici(Bgt)races in both seedling and adult-plant stages,respectively.The results showed that 81(41.80%)and 33(17.00%)wheat entries were resistant to the mixture of Pst and Bgt races at the seedling stage,respectively;and 137(70.60%)and 111(57.20%)entries showed resistance to Pst and Bgt at the adult-plant stage,respectively.Also,the stripe rust and powdery mildew resistance genes were detected using Genotyping by Targeted Sequencing(GBTS)technology.The results indicated that 16,9,68,62,31,88,3,5,16,9 and 1 entries were postulated to carry the Yr17,Yr26,Yr29,Yr30,Yr75,Yr78,Yr80,Yr82,YrAK58,YrSP and Pm21 genes,respectively;and 85,30,145,47,8,78,and 89 entries may carry QYrsn.nwafu-1BL,QYrsn.nwafu-2AS,QYrqin.nwafu-2AL,QYrhm.nwafu-2BC,QYrsn.nwafu-3DL,QYr.nwafu-4BL,QYrsn.nwafu-6BS stripe rust QTL loci,respectively.No entries were detected to carry Yr18,Pm2a,Pm5e,and PmV resistance genes.This study provides a theoretical basis for breeding wheat with disease-resistant genes and distributing them rationally.

关 键 词：小麦 条锈病 白粉病 抗病性 抗性基因 分子检测 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]