山西省辣椒炭疽病菌对4种杀菌剂的敏感性及对戊唑醇的抗性风险评估  

Sensitivity of Colletotrichum scovillei causing pepper anthracnose in Shanxi Province to the 4 fungicides and resistance risk assessment to tebuconazole

作　　者：张文静 姚福田 吕红 秦楠[1] 殷辉 赵晓军 任璐[1,2] ZHANG Wenjing;YAO Futian;Lv Hong;QIN Nan;YIN Hui;ZHAO Xiaojun;REN Lu(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture co-constructed by Ministry and Province,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,太原030031 [2]农业农村部有机旱作农业重点实验室(省部共建),太原030031

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2025年第2期270-280,共11页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划(202203021211281);山西农业大学省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室自主研发项目(202105D121008-3-3);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(蔬菜)。

摘　　要：辣椒炭疽病是辣椒生产中主要病害之一,严重影响辣椒的产量和品质。为了明确目前山西省辣椒炭疽病主要病原Colletotrichum scovillei对于生产上常用防治辣椒炭疽病杀菌剂的敏感性现状,以及对戊唑醇的抗药性风险,本研究采用菌丝生长速率法,测定了山西省不同辣椒产区的93个C.scovillei菌株对4种常用杀菌剂的敏感性。通过室内药剂驯化获得抗戊唑醇C.scovillei菌株,研究这些抗性菌株的适合度,并分析它们和其它3种供试杀菌剂之间是否存在交互抗性。结果表明,戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑和咪鲜胺对C.scovillei的平均EC_(50)值分别为0.3641±0.0192、3.1267±1.2212和0.8171±0.3283μg·mL^(-1),供试C.scovillei菌株对这3种杀菌剂的敏感性频率分布均为连续的单峰曲线,呈近似正态分布,未出现敏感性降低的亚群;对吡唑醚菌酯的平均EC_(50)值为0.1236±0.1908μg·mL^(-1),最大值与最小值相差2930.98倍,敏感性分布呈左偏态,已出现敏感性降低亚群。室内药剂驯化获得10株抗戊唑醇C.scovillei菌株(低抗6株,中抗4株),其中有6株对戊唑醇的抗性可稳定遗传;和对戊唑醇表现敏感的亲本菌株相比,抗性菌株菌丝生长速率、产孢量及致病力均降低。交互抗性研究结果表明,对于C.scovillei菌株,戊唑醇与苯醚甲环唑之间存在交互抗性,与咪鲜胺、吡唑醚菌酯之间无交互抗性。研究结果为山西省辣椒炭疽病的防治提供了参考。Pepper anthracnose,one of the main diseases in pepper production,seriously affects yield and fruit quality of pepper plants.To clarify the sensitivity of Colletotrichum scovillei to some commonly used fungicides in controlling pepper anthracnose in Shanxi Province,and also the resistance risk of C.scovillei to tebuconazole,the sensitivity of 93 C.scovillei strains from different pepper-producing areas in Shanxi Province to the 4 fungicides was determined by using the mycelial growth rate method.Ten tebuconazole-resistant C.scovillei isolates were generated by fungicide adaptation,and the fitness of these resistant isolates was investigated.The results showed that the average EC_(50) values of tebuconazole,difenoconazole and prochloraz against C.scovillei were 0.3641±0.0192,3.1267±1.2212 and 0.8171±0.3283μg·mL^(-1),respectively;the sensitivity frequency of the C.scovillei isolates to these 3 fungicides was all distributed as a continuous unimodal curve(an approximately normal distribution),and no population with reduced sensitivity was observed.The average EC_(50) value of pyraclostrobin to C.scovillei was 0.1236±0.1908μg·mL^(-1),with a 2930.98-fold difference between the maximum and minimum values;the sensitivity frequency of the C.scovillei isolates to pyraclostrobin was distributed as a left-skewed curve,and population with reduced sensitivity appeared.Among the 10 tebuconazole-resistant C.scovillei isolates,including 6 lowly resistant and 4 moderately resistant isolates,the resistance of 6 isolates could be stably inherited.Compared with the tebuconazole-susceptible parent C.scovillei strains,the mycelial growth rate,sporulation and pathogenicity of the tebuconazole-resistant strains were decreased.Further investigation showed that cross-resistance existed between tebuconazole and difenoconazole in C.scovillei,while no cross-resistance existed between tebuconazole and prochloraz or pyraclostrobin.The results provide a basis for the prevention and control of pepper anthracnose in Shanxi Province.

关 键 词：辣椒炭疽病 敏感性 戊唑醇 抗性风险 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]