毛樱桃果实炭疽病的病原形态与分子鉴定  

Characterization and identification of causal agent responsible for fruit anthracnose of Prunus tomentosa

作　　者：姜宁 薛寒 李永[1] JIANG Ning;XUE Han;LI Yong(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2025年第2期348-351,共4页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2023PA002)。

摘　　要：毛樱桃(Prunus tomentosa)是蔷薇科(Rosaceae)落叶灌木,是我国西部和北部常见的绿化和药食用树种。该树种的病害较少,但在2021一2023年的病害调查中,发现北京和山东的毛樱桃果实上出现明显的炭疽病症状。经调查统计,毛樱桃果炭疽病的发病率在0.3%~2.7%,对其食药用价值造成一定的影响。发病初期,病果上出现黄色的椭圆形病斑,随后病斑扩展变大,病处凹陷,果实变得腐烂皱缩,病斑处能形成橘黄色的分生孢子团(图1-A)。Prunus tomentosa is a deciduous shrub native to China that has been widely cultivated for an extended period throughout Eastern Asia for its flowers and fruit.Between 2021 and 2023,fruit anthracnose was observed in the Beijing and Shandong provinces of China.Symptoms initially presented as yellow,caviar-like patches on the fruit surface,which gradually enlarged into sunken brown spots,ultimately leading to fruit rot.To identify the causal agent,fungal isolate MYT24 as a representative strain was obtained from symptomatic fruits and identified as Colletotrichum fioriniae based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis.The C.fioriniae was re-isolated from the disease fruit and the morphology was consistent with the original,fulfilling Koch’s postulates,which was confirmed as the causal agent of this disease.To our knowledge,this is the first report of C.fioriniae causing fruit anthracnose in P.tomentosa in China.

关 键 词：病原形态 炭疽病 分子鉴定 发病率 毛樱桃 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]