非均匀激光热源焊接铜/钢接头的组织及力学性能研究  

Study on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper/Steel Joints Welded by Non-uniform Laser Source

作　　者：韩静[1] 石玗[1] 李广[1] 张航 陆刚 HAN Jing;SHI Yu;LI Guang;ZHANG Hang;LU Gang(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050;Zhejiang E.O.Paton Welding Technology Institute,Hangzhou 311200)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]浙江巴顿焊接技术研究院,杭州311200

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2025年第6期151-159,共9页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075235);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA233);中央引导地方科技发展资金(23ZYQA308)资助项目。

摘　　要：铜钢复合结构因兼具成本和性能的优势应用广泛,但存在物性参数差异,焊接难度大。传统均匀热源下焊接接头成分偏析大、铜侧热影响区软化严重。采用全域功率可调激光振镜焊接系统,设计非均匀热源以满足两种材料对热量的不同需求,研究了三种不同的功率模式对Cu/304SS异种接头元素扩散、微观组织及性能的影响。结果表明,Cu与Fe侧的功率比为6比4时,接头产生了最大程度的液相分离,焊缝中铜和钢的固溶体均匀分散,接头具有最低的元素偏析程度以及最小的软化程度,抗拉强度最大(211 MPa),为铜母材的93%(226 MPa)。研究结果为铜钢异种接头焊接过程能量分布的灵活调控提供新的手段。Copper-steel composite structures are widely used due to their advantages in both cost and performance.However,there are differences in material physical properties and difficulties in welding.Traditional welding methods using a uniform heat source often lead to significant elemental segregation in the joints and severe softening in the copper side heat-affected zone.A full-domain power modulation laser oscillating welding system is employed to design a non-uniform heat source to meet the different heat requirements of the two materials.Three different power modes were investigated to study their effects on the elements diffusion,microstructure,and properties of Cu/304SS dissimilar joints.The findings revealed that when the power ratio between the copper and steel sides was set at 6:4,the joint exhibited the maximum degree of liquid phase separation,with the solid solution of copper and steel uniformly dispersed in the weld.The joint exhibited the lowest degree of elemental segregation and the least softening.Additionally,it demonstrated a maximum tensile strength of 211 MPa,which was 93%of the copper base material(226 MPa).It provides a novel approach for the flexible control of energy distribution during the welding process of dissimilar joints between copper and steel.

关 键 词：振镜 显微组织 异种金属 力学性能 机制 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]