餐饮品类与城市空间差异下的餐饮外卖行业塑料垃圾产生特征分析  

Characteristics of plastic waste generation from food delivery industry differentiated by catering types and urban space

作　　者：方静竹 杨光 龚洁[1] 周传斌[2,3] FANG Jingzhu;YANG Guang;GONG Jie;ZHOU Chuanbin(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;State Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430081 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心区域与城市生态安全全国重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100085

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2025年第3期521-530,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72361147524)。

摘　　要：近年来我国餐饮外卖行业迅速发展,该行业的塑料污染问题受到广泛关注。掌握餐饮外卖塑料垃圾产排的类型和空间特征,是精准控制其塑料垃圾的前提,然而目前尚缺乏相关的探讨。以北京市4类典型城市功能区中的5456家餐厅为研究对象,探讨餐饮外卖行业塑料垃圾产生的空间和类型差异,主要研究结果如下:1)单次订单塑料垃圾产生量的范围为3.05~1120.10 g·单^(−1),其中火锅类外卖的塑料垃圾产生量最大,西餐类最小;2)餐饮外卖塑料垃圾的主要组成为聚丙烯,占塑料包装的76.27%±6.17%;其次是复合包装材料(包括聚乙烯、铝箔、珍珠棉),占15.96%±4.37%;3)餐饮外卖行业塑料垃圾单位面积产生量和人均产生量在不同城市功能区存在空间差异,表现为高校区>商业区>居民区>工业区;其中,高校区的外卖塑料垃圾产生量是工业区的3.29倍。研究基于餐饮外卖塑料垃圾产排空间差异的对策建议,以提升该行业塑料垃圾治理水平。Food delivery industry developed rapidly in recent years,making it a crucial issue for mitigating land-based plastic waste.Profiles of plastic waste generation from food delivery are fundamental for precisely controlling plastic pollution for cities;however,its spatial characteristics remained unclear.In this work,5456 food delivery restaurants in four categories of urban functional zones in Beijing,China were studied to find the spatial differences of plastic waste generation.Main results were:1)The plastic waste generated per order ranges from 3.05 to 1120.10 g,that of the hot pot was the greatest and western food was the lowest.2)Polypropylene was the main component of plastic waste generated from food delivery,accounting for 76.27%±6.17%of the plastic packaging,followed by the composite packaging(incl.,polyethylene,aluminum foil,and pearl cotton),accounting for 15.96%±4.37%of the plastic packaging.3)Per unit area and per capita plastic waste generation from the food delivery industry showed spatial differences,i.e.,campus zone>commercial zone>residential zone>industrial zone;the campus zones produced 3.29 times plastic waste than the industrial zones.Space-specific policy recommendations were put forward for improving plastic waste management of food delivery industry.

关 键 词：餐饮外卖 塑料垃圾 餐饮品类 城市空间 产生量 产生特征 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]