MABR对初期雨水中的污染物去除特征及微生物群落分析  

Pollutant removal characteristics from initial rainwater treated by MABR and its microbial community analysis

作　　者：曹方禹 张浏 冯景伟[1] 夏绍凤 CAO Fangyu;ZHANG Liu;FENG Jingwei;XIA Shaofeng(Hefei University of Technology,College of Civil Engineering,Hefei 230009,China;Department of Ecology and Environment of Anhui Province,Hefei 230031,China;Hefei Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Hefei 230041,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,合肥230009 [2]安徽省生态环境科学研究院,合肥230031 [3]合肥市市政设计研究总院有限公司,合肥230041

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2025年第3期586-594,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目(2023-YF116)。

摘　　要：针对初期雨水的污染负荷大和冲击性强等特征,本研究利用致密无孔膜构建膜曝气生物膜反应器(membrane aerated biofilm reactor,MABR),考察MABR对初期雨水处理效果的同时,分析了MABR系统中胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)和微生物群落特征。结果表明,MABR系统对COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TN的平均去除率分别达到90.90%、79.75%和43.75%,去除负荷分别为1.99、0.30和0.21 g·(m^(2)·d)^(−1),该系统拥有较好的同步脱氮除碳效果。与未驯化接种污泥的EPS相比,蛋白质(protein,PN)和多糖(polysaccharide,PS)分别增加了19.37 mg·g^(−1)和7.12 mg·g^(−1),这说明微生物在活动中释放出了更多的酶和营养物质,PN/PS的增加有助于维持生物膜形态结构的稳定性。三维荧光光谱分析结果表明,溶解型胞外聚合物(S-EPS)、松散附着型胞外聚合物(LB-EPS)和紧密附着型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)的主要成分均为酪氨酸,这有利于生物膜的形成。微生物群落分析结果表明,生物膜内含有丰富的厌氧氨氧化、硝化和反硝化细菌。功能基因预测结果表明,MABR系统中的脱氮基因明显增加,可加速硝化和反硝化过程。以上研究结果可为MABR在初期雨水的工程应用中提供参考。In view of the characteristics of large pollution load,strong impact of initial rainwater,a type of dense non-porous membrane was used to build the membrane aerated biofilm reactor(MABR),the treatment effect of initial rainwater by it was investigated,and the characteristics of extracellular polymer substances(EPS)and microbial community in the MABR system were analyzed.The results demonstrated that the average removal rates of COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N,and TN were 90.90%,79.75%,and 43.75%,respectively,and the corresponding removal loads were 1.99 g·(m^(2)·d)^(−1),0.30 g·(m^(2)·d)^(−1),and 0.21 g·(m^(2)·d)^(−1).These findings indicated that MABR had a good performance on the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and carbon.Compared with the inoculated sludge,the content of protein and polysaccharide in EPS increased by 19.37 mg·g^(−1) and 7.12 mg·g^(−1),respectively,indicating that more enzymes and nutrients were released during the activity of microorganisms.The increase of PN/PS contributed to maintain the stability of biofilm morphology.The three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy spectra of EPS revealed that the primary components of soluble-EPS(S-EPS),loosely bound-EPS(LB-EPS)and tightly bound-EPS(TB-EPS)were tyrosine,which was beneficial to the formation of biofilms.The microbial community analysis revealed that the biofilm harbored a diverse range of bacteria,including those involved in anaerobic ammonia oxidation,nitrification,and denitrification.The results of functional gene prediction showed that a significant increase in nitrogen removal genes within the MABR,which could accelerate both nitrification and denitrification processes.This research provides valuable insights for the engineering application of MABR in treating initial rainwater.

关 键 词：膜曝气生物膜反应器 初期雨水 胞外聚合物 微生物群落 功能基因 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]