感知情绪对2~3岁幼儿早期词汇学习的影响  

The impact of perceived emotions on early word learning in 2-and 3-year-olds

作　　者：马俐智 Katherine Twomey Gert Westermann MA Lizhi;Katherine Twomey;Gert Westermann(Laboratory for the Development and Care of Infants and Young Children,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Jing Hengyi School of Education,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Division of Human Communication,Development and Hearing,University of Manchester,Manchester,UK;Department of Psychology,Lancaster University,Lancaster,UK)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学婴幼儿发展与托育实验室,浙江杭州311121 [2]杭州师范大学经亨颐教育学院,浙江杭州311121 [3]曼彻斯特大学人类交流、发展与听力分部,英国曼彻斯特 [4]兰卡斯特大学心理学系,英国兰卡斯特

出　　处：《健康研究》2025年第2期147-154,174,共9页Health Research

基　　金：莱弗休姆信托婴儿发展跨学科研究博士奖学金项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨2~3岁幼儿在中性、积极、消极情绪情境下进行词汇学习的表现,分析不同情绪对其注意力分配和学习效果的影响。方法招募44名2岁和3岁幼儿,通过参照物选择-再认范式,分析他们在中性、积极和消极情绪情境下对新名称-物品的记忆与再认能力。结果2岁和3岁幼儿的注意力分配均呈现出消极情绪偏向(P<0.001);相比于仅能记住与消极情绪相关的名称-物品关联的2岁幼儿,3岁幼儿能更好地将注意力从感知到的消极情绪中转移且能够记住所有新名称-物品关联,差异有统计学意义(P<0.025)。结论词汇学习时,2岁幼儿受消极情绪的影响较大,而3岁幼儿则表现出更好的自上而下的注意力控制能力以应对消极情绪注意偏差。Objective This study investigated the performance of 2-and 3-year-old toddlers in word-object association learning in neutral,positive,and negative emotion situations,especially the effects of different emotions on their attention allocation and learning outcomes.Methods Total forty four 2-and 3-year-old toddlers were recruited,and their ability to memorize and re-recognize new word-object associations in neutral,positive,and negative emotional contexts was analyzed through the referent selection and retention paradigm.Results Although both age groups still showed a negativity bias(P<0.001),3-year-olds were better able to shift their attention away from perceived negative emotion and retained all new word-object associations than 2-year-olds who were only able to memorize word-object associations related to negative emotion(all P<0.025).Conclusions During the 2-to 3-year-old period,2-year-olds were more affected by perceived negative emotion while 3-year-olds showed better top-down attention control to cope with negativity bias.

关 键 词：感知情绪 婴幼儿 早期词汇学习 情绪情境 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学] G612[医药卫生—医学心理学]