论个人信息保护规范体系中的知情同意规则  

A Study on the Informed Consent Rule in the Personal Information Protection Standards System

作　　者：张云蔚 郭德忠[1] ZHANG Yun-wei;GUO De-zhong(Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102488)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学,北京102488

出　　处：《怀化学院学报》2025年第2期84-90,共7页Journal of Huaihua University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“国家安全视角下专利国家使用制度构建研究”(24BFX088)。

摘　　要：知情同意在个人信息保护规范体系中属于规则而不属于原则。个人信息处理中“同意”的性质较为特殊,其一方面属于非典型的表意行为,具有准法律行为效力;另一方面亦可在侵权法上构成阻却违法的免责事由,并成为个人信息处理的合法性依据。随着大数据的发展,利益失衡下的价值冲突、信息不对称下的知情同意悖论以及同意后数据使用的不可预测性等情况,均构成当前个人信息保护中的知情同意困境。为此,秉持个人信息保护优先,并兼顾多方利益,促进知情同意规则的不断完善,保持知情同意中的价值坚守,实现知情同意模式的动态调整,是个人信息保护导向下知情同意规范化、系统化的必然路径。Informed consent is a rule rather than a principle in the personal information protection standards system.For the special nature of“consent”in processing personal information,it belongs to atypical ideographic behavior on the positive level and has quasi-legal effect,but it also constitutes an exemption from infingement law and can be the legal basis for personal information processing on the negative level.Meanwhile,the value conflict under unbalanced interests,the paradox of informed consent under asymmetric information,and the unpredictability of data use after consent constitute the dilemma of informed consent in the current personal information protection with the development of big data.Adhering to the priority of personal information protection and giving consideration to various interests,promoting the continuous improvement of informed consent rules,maintaining the value of informed consent and realizing the dynamic adjustment of informed consent mode are the inevitable paths for the standardization and systematization of informed consent under the guidance of personal information protection.

关 键 词：知情同意 个人信息保护 性质认定 动态同意 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]