乡村社会老龄化背景下人民调解队伍的建设路径  

The Construction of People's Mediation Team in Rural Areas with an Aging Population

作　　者：印子 YIN Zi

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学法学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《决策与信息》2025年第5期63-73,共11页Decision & Information

摘　　要：长期以来,人民调解队伍的建设路径存在专业化与兼业化之争。当前,不少乡村纠纷的发生、延续与升级均与老龄化社会背景密切相关。因此,乡村纠纷解决体系应充分考虑老龄化给社会秩序带来的影响,构建适老型人民调解队伍,以强化人民调解体系在基层社会秩序中的兜底功能。然而,村级治理体系的改革过于追求村“两委”成员的年轻化与知识化导向,不仅没有给人民调解队伍的扩充带来增益,反而削弱了调解员的纠纷化解能力。针对广大中西部农村实际,人民调解队伍建设应坚持兼业化路径,通过制度设计为村“两委”成员兼任调解员提供履职空间,减轻其行政事务负担,以便其将自身参与村级治理所累积的治权转化为有效化解纠纷的能力,充分回应乡村社会的解纷需求。For a long time,there has been a dispute between specialization and part-time in the construction path of people's mediation team.At present,the occurrence,continuation and upgrading of many rural disputes are closely related to the background of aging society.Therefore,the rural dispute resolution system should fully consider the impact of aging on social order,and build an elderly-oriented people's mediation team to strengthen the bottom of the people's mediation system in the grass-roots social order.However,the reform of the villagelevel governance system excessively pursues the younger and knowledge-based orientation of the members of the village's"two committees",which not only does not bring gain to the expansion of the people's mediation team,but also weakens the mediator's ability to resolve disputes.In view of the reality of the vast rural areas in the central and western regions,the construction of the people's mediation team should adhere to the path of part-time work,provide space for the members of the village's two committees to serve as mediators through system design,and reduce the burden of their administrative affairs,so as to facilitate their participation in village-level governance.The accumulated governance power is transformed into the ability to effectively resolve disputes,so as to fully respond to the needs of rural society to resolve disputes.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 人民调解队伍 村级组织 兼业化 纠纷化解能力 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]